11个玉米主要性状与籽粒产量的相关性及通径分析.docVIP

11个玉米主要性状与籽粒产量的相关性及通径分析 　　摘 要：以5个自育玉米自交系为主要对象，采用Griffing方法4（模型I） 组配出55个杂交组合，进行相关性分析。结果表明：与玉米单株产量相关的性状，按相关性由高到低依次是穗长、穗粗、千粒质量、出籽率、穗行数、穗位高、轴粗、行粒数、株高、秃尖、茎粗，其中穗长、穗粗、千粒质量及出籽率均达到极显著相关，穗行数达到显著相关，其余性状的相关性未达到显著水平。通径分析表明：各测试性状对单株产量的直接作用按大小依次是穗行数、行粒数、穗长、株高、轴粗、茎粗、秃尖长、穗位高、千粒质量、出籽率、穗粗，其中穗行数、行粒数、穗长这3个性状对单株产量的直接作用达到显著水平。 　　关键词：玉米；相关性；通径分析 　　中图分类号：S513 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.07.028 　　Abstract：Five maize inbreds lines`combination ablity and heterosis group were studied in this study， and Giffing method 4 （model I） was useded to hybrid the 55 hybrid combinations. The result of correlation analysis showed that the correlationship with the production of per plant decreased from ear length， ear diameter， 1 000-kernel weight， shelling percentage， rows per ear， ear height， axis diameter， kernels per row， plant height， sterile length， stem diameter accordingly. The correlation index of ear length， ear diameter， 1 000-kernel weight， shelling percentage was 0.98， 0.88， 0.85， 0.80 accordingly， and they were significant at 0.01 level. The rows per ear was significant correlated with the production of per plant at 0.05 levels， the correlation index of other traits with the production of per plan were not significant. The result of path analysis showed that the direct contribution of test traits to yield per plant decreased for rows per ear， kernels per row， ear length， plant height， axis diameter， stem diameter， sterile length， ear height， 1 000-kernel weight， shelling percentage， ear diameter， accordingly. The rows per ear to the yield per plant was 0.8 ，and which was significant at 0.05 level， kernels per row to the yield per plant was 0.8 and was significant at 0.05 level， ear length to the yield per plant was 0.4 and was significant at 0.05 level. 　　Key words： maize；correlation analysis；path analysis 　　当前，玉米是我国第一大粮食作物，其产量是受多基因控制的数量性状，是许多不同基因间相互作用的结果。在形成籽粒产量的过程中，各性状对籽粒的贡献各不相同，本研究旨在对影响玉米子粒产量的11个主要农艺性状进行遗传相关性及通径分析，进一步明确各农艺性状在玉米子粒产量组成中的总要作用，为今后玉米高产选育提供理论依据。 　　1 材料