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Biodegradation Mechanism and Technology of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.doc

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Biodegradation Mechanism and Technology of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.doc

Biodegradation Mechanism and Technology of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 　　【Abstract】Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a class of potentially hazardous chemicals of environmental and health concern.PAHs are one of the most prevalent groups of contaminants found in soil.Biodegradation of complex hydrocarbon usually requires the cooperation of more than single specie.This paper reviews the existing screening methods of PAH-degrading bacteria.It studied the mechanism and technical applications of the co-metabolism in PAHs.Author gives the suggestions and prospects in Biodegradable trend of PHAs. 　　【Key words】PHAs；Biodegradable；Co-metabolism 　　1 Introduction 　　Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） are a group of persistent organic compounds composed of two or more fused aromatic rings with low water solubility.PAHs comprise a large and heterogeneous group of organic contaminants which are formed and emitted as a result of the incomplete combustion of organic material（Muller，H.，Breure，A.M.，Rulkens，W.H.，2004）.Anthropogenic contamination sources，such as road traffic and combustion of fossil fuels predominate，but there are also natural sources，e.g.volcanic eruptions and forest fires（Lee，P.K.，Ong，S.K.， Golchin，J.，Nelson，G.L.，2001；hodadoust，A.P.，Bagchi，R.，Suidan，M.T.Brenner R.C.，Sellers，N.G.，2000）. 　　Due to their toxic，mutagenic and carcinogenic properties（Menzie， 1992），16 PAHs have been listed as priority pollutants by US Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）.The 16 regulated PAH comprise both low and high molecular weight species，and seven of them are designated as known human carcinogens.All of the carcinogenic PAH （cPAH） are high molecular weight compounds（Amellal，N.，Portal，J.M.， Berthelin J.，2001；.Michael，D.，Aitken，Shu-Hwa Chen， Chikoma Kazunga， Randall，B.，Marx，2004）　　Due to the stable nature of PAHs，it is very slow to be degraded by natural conditions.Recently，bioremediation，which is an economic and efficient alternative method to other remediation pro