unit3 增词与减词.ppt

Unit 3 增词法和减词法 Amplification and Omission ?一、为了保证语法结构的完整： 代词：汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名词前都没有代词，需要增补。 1．没有调查就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 2．把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。 After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 4． 我们响应了祖国的号召。 We responded to the call of our motherland. 5．她用手蒙住脸，好象是为了保护眼睛。 She covered her face with her hands, as if to protect her eyes. 6.孩子们天天带午饭到学校去吃。 The children take their lunch to school every day. 连词：汉语重意合，英语重形合，把汉语翻译成英语时，要适当增加连词。 1. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 2． 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 3．村里的男女老少都喜欢那个小超市买东西。 Men and women, old and young in the village, all liked shopping in that small supermarket. 4． 我妈妈来了，我得回去了。 My mother has arrived, so I have to leave now. 5．送君千里，终有一别。 Although you may escort a guest a thousand miles, yet must the parting come at last. 介词：英语中的介词比汉语中活跃得多。 1．我们应该逐步消灭城乡差别。 We should try to eliminate the differences between town and country. 2．?你白天还是晚上飞广州？ Do you fly to Guangzhou in the daytime or at night? 3．?那我们山脚见吧。 Let’s meet at the foot of the hill. 冠词： 1．她不把他当阿公，而当作亲爹。 She considered him not a father-in-law but a father. 2．我们对问题要作全面的分析，才能解决得妥当。 We must make a comprehensive analysis of problem before it can be properly solved. 二、为了保证译文意思更加明确。 文中暗含的意思： 1．大家都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。 Everyone knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard. 2．要提倡顾全大局。 We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration. 增加概括性的词语 1. 结婚大办酒席，实在可以免去了。 The practice of giving lavish feasts at weddings can well be dispensed with. 2.也许您忘记了购货帐还没有结算。 Perhaps you have overlooked the fact that your account for the purchases has not yet been settled. Omission 一、重复出现某词（排比句中） 1．俘虏望望沈明，又望望其他的人，没有说下去。 Looking at Shen Ming, then at the others, the prisoner of war fell silent. The prisoner of war looked at Shenming and then the