Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Period Four Grammar：The different types of infinitive Expressions with but＋infinitive 课件（外研版必修3，课标通用）.ppt

Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Period Four Grammar：The different types of infinitive Expressions with but＋infinitive 课件（外研版必修3，课标通用） 动词不定式 一、动词不定式的时态和语态 若不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后，不定式用一般式。 I hope that Ill see you again.→I hope to see you again. 我希望再见到你。 若不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生，并强调动作正在进行或持续进行，不定式用进行式。 I am very glad to be working with you. 我很高兴和你一起工作。 若不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前或强调动作已经发生，不定式用完成式。 I am sorry to have cheated you.很抱歉欺骗了你。 当不定式的逻辑主语与不定式是被动关系时，不定式一般用被动式。 The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.据说这部小说已被译成了好几种语言。 不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。高考侧重考查不定式作定语、宾语和状语的用法。 不定式作定语 (1)不定式作定语通常要放在所修饰的词后，往往表示未发生的动作。 The weather will keep warm in the days to come. 在未来几天内，天气将继续保持暖和。 (2)中心词是序数词、形容词最高级，the last/the only/the next或被这些词修饰时，用不定式作定语。 Zhang Jian is the first Chinese to swim across the Bohai Sea.张健是第一个横渡渤海的中国人。 He was the only one to finish the task on time. 他是唯一一个按时完成任务的人。 不定式作宾语 (1)有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语，如：agree，ask，aim，attempt, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail, help, learn, manage, offer，plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, hope，wish等。 I decided to buy a walkman to learn English. 我决定买个随身听来学英语。 His brother wished to win the first prize. 他哥哥希望获得一等奖。 (2)有些动词常用“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，如：ask，wonder, teach, know, tell, see, learn, hear, explain, decide, show, forget, remember, discuss, find out等。 Mr.Smith didnt know when to leave there. 史密斯先生不知道何时离开那里。 I asked Professor Li how to learn English well. 我请教李教授如何学好英语。 不定式作状语 (1)不定式作目的状语。强调时可用in order to do或so as to do。 To conceal my emotion, I buried my face in my hands. 为了掩饰我的情绪，我用手捂着脸。 The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. 公共汽车停下来以接送乘客。 (2)不定式作结果状语。“only＋动词不定式”常表示未预料到的、令人沮丧的结果；so...as to...，such...as to...，enough to以及too...to...等结构中的不定式也表结果。 He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。 The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower. 这房子又高又窄，像一座塔。 He is too young to have seen the bloody war. 他年龄小，没有见过那场血腥的战争。 (3)不定式作原因状语。主要用在表示喜怒哀乐等情感的形容词或过去分词后。 I am very sorry to hear that your mot