古典主义2014学生探讨.ppt

Classical Period 古典主义是指17世纪流行于西欧,特别是法国的一种以古希腊、罗马文学为典范的文艺思潮，顾被称为古典主义。古典主义的特点是政治上拥护和歌颂绝对王权；在思想上提倡以“自我克制”、“常情常理”为主要内容的“理性”；在题材上借用古代故事，突出宫廷和贵族生活，并赋予它崇高悲壮的色彩；在艺术体裁上划分高低不同的类别，并严格按照有关各种体裁的人为法则进行创作。 Aristocratic Antiquity 指英国17世纪初一批以约翰·邓恩为首的诗人，其他还包括赫伯特、克拉肖、马韦尔等。他们并不是一个有组织的文学团体，但在诗歌上都具有抽象和思辩的特点，是在彼特拉克式的“甜蜜的”抒情诗之后的一次革新。 [他们]“喜欢玄想，不仅在讽刺诗里这样，就是在只应抒写人性的爱情诗里亦复如此。”——德莱顿 [他们]“把截然不同的意象结合在一起，从外表绝不相似的事物中发现隐藏着的相似点”……[这是]“把最不伦不类的思想概念勉强地束缚在一起”——塞缪尔·约翰逊 [他们是]“把思想和感情统一起来的典范”。——T·S·艾略特 ?I wonder by my troth, what thou and I Did, till we loved? Were we not weand till then? But suckd on country pleasures, childishly? Or snorted we in the Seven Sleepers den? Twas so; but this, all pleasures fancies be; If ever any beauty I did see, Which I desired, and got, twas but a dream of thee. And now good-morrow to our waking souls, Which watch not one another out of fear; For love all love of other sights controls, And makes one little room an everywhere. Let sea-discoverers to new worlds have gone; Let maps to other, worlds on worlds have shown; Let us possess one world; each hath one, and is one. My face in thine eye, thine in mine appears, And true plain hearts do in the faces rest; Where can we find two better hemispheres Without sharp north, without declining west? Whatever dies, was not mixd equally; If our two loves be one, or thou and I Love so alike that none can slacken, none can die. ?Death, be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadful, for thou are not so; For those whom thou thinkst thou dost overthrow Die not, poor Death, nor yet canst thou kill me. From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be, Much pleasure; then from thee much more must flow, And soonest our best men with thee do go, Rest of their bones, and souls delivery. Thou art slave to fate, chance, kings, and desperate men, And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell, And poppy or charms can make us sleep as well And better than thy stroke; why swellst thou then? One shor