中石油职称英语课文讲稿-.docVIP

　40.Petroleum Geology[n.地质学] and Other Sciences. 　　石油地质学与其它科学、 　　1. Petroleum geology is the application[n.应用] of geology (the study of rocks) to the exploration[n.勘探] for and production of oil and gas. Geology itself is firmly[adv.牢牢地] based on chemistry, physics, and biology, involving[包括] the application[n.应用] of essentially[基本的] abstract[adj.抽象的] concepts to observed[观察] data. In the past these data[n.数据] were basically[adv.基本上] observation[n.观察] and subjective[adj.主观的], but they are now increasingly[adv.越来越…] physical[a.物理学的] and chemical, and therefore more objective[adj.客观的]. Geology, in general, and petroleum geology, in particular, still rely on value judgements[(judgement):n.判断] based on experience and an assessment[n.评估] of validity[n.有效,效力;正确] among the data presented. 1、石油地质学是地质学(岩石研究)在油气勘探开发和生产中的应用。地质学本身是以化学、物理和生物学为基础，应用其基本的抽象理论概念来解释观察到的资料。在过去，这些资料主要凭主观观察获取。现在借助物理和化学手段，因而更具客观性。从根本上讲，地质学和石油地质学，仍然特别依赖于基于经验的数值判断和对现有资料的有效性评估。 分析：base on＝…基础上；in general＝大体上；in particular＝特别；geology＝地质学；application＝应用； exploration＝勘探； physics＝物理学； essentially＝的； abstract＝抽象的； basically＝； observation＝观察；subjective＝主观的； objective＝客观的； judgement＝判断； assessment＝评估；validity＝有效； 2. The application[n.应用] of chemistry to the study of rocks (geochemistry[n.地球化学]) has many uses in petroleum geology. Detailed[详细的] knowledge of the mineralogical[a.矿物学的] composition[构成] of rocks is important at many levels[方面]. In the early stages of exploration[n.勘探] certain general conclusions[(conclusion):n.结论] as to the distribution[n.分布] and quality of potential[n.潜在性] reservoir[n.储层] could be made from their gross[adj.总的] lithology[n.岩性]. For example, the porosity[n. 孔隙度] of sandstones[n.沙岩] tends to be facies[n.相] related[(relate):vi.有关；涉及], whereas[而] in carbonate[n.碳酸盐] rocks this is generally not so. Detailed[详细的] knowledge of the mineralogy[n.矿物学] of reservoirs[n.储层] enables[(enable):v.使能够] estimates[估计] to be made of the rate at which they may lose porosity[n. 孔隙度] during burial[n.埋葬], and