新生儿1+RDSE课件.ppt

Diseases of newborn Paediatrics of 1st Hospital Affiliated Dalian Medical University 马 路 一 Purpose and demand To grasp neonate’s basic concept and category To grasp the appearance characteristics of preterm infant and term infant to familiarize physiology characteristics of preterm and term infant To understand some common and specific physiology state of neonate To self-study asphyxia Introduction Development of neonatology Review: neonatal period: the first 28 days after birth perinatal period : from 28 weeks of gestation to the first 7 days after birth. Classification of neonate According to： gestational age, GA birth weight, BW birth weight and gestational age weeks age after birth Physiology characteristics The respiratory system The circulation system The digestive system The urinary system Hematologic system Neurology system Temperature and energy control Neutral temperature 中性温度 physiologycal loss of body weight Check for newborn Rooting reflex （觅食反射） the head turn to the side of stimulus Sucking reflex （吸吮反射） Grasp reflex （握持反射） Moro (startle) reflex（拥抱反射） Composition Protein (SP-A,B,C,D) 13% Total lipid 80% Phosphatidyl choline (lecithin,L) Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) Sphingomyline (S) L / S: assessment the lung maturity of infant and fetal Clinical findings It is normal at born. 6h after birth: Tachypnea, cyanosis with progressive dyspnea , respiratory distress expiratory grunting nasal flaring intercostals recession on auscultation: poor air movement despite increased work of breathing Diagnosis History Clinical features Chest X-ray shows characteristic appearance PS: L/S1.5 Foam test Differential diagnosis Wet lung Group B streptococcal pneumonia Diaphragmatic hernia Treatment Generally treatment