生物学简介英文版课件.ppt

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Introduction to Biology Why a Study of Biology is Important? Societal Medicine Public Health Worldwide Water Crisis Why a Study of Biology is Important? Philosophical Evolution Genetics Why a Study of Biology is Important? Personal To be informed Support your cause Make it your life work [bahy-ol-uh-jee] Bio = life ...ology = the study of Biology is the science that studies life The Scientific Method in Action The Scientific Method: Observation An observation is a thoughtful and careful recognition of an event or a fact. The careful observation of a phenomenon leads to a question. How does this happen? What causes it to occur? The Scientific Method: The Hypothesis Hypothesizing question an observation propose possible solutions to questions based on what is already understood about the phenomenon Hypotheses must: be logical account for all current information make the least possible assumptions be testable Testing Hypotheses Hypotheses need to be tested to see if they are supported or disproved. Disproved hypotheses are rejected Hypotheses can be supported but not proven Ways to test a hypothesis: Gathering relevant historical information Retrospective Studies Make additional observations from the natural world Experimentation The Scientific Method: Experimentation Experiments rigorous tests to determine if the solutions are supported Experiments attempt to recreation an occurrence tests whether or not the hypothesis can be supported or rejected There are many types of experiments laboratory, clinical trials, surveys, statistical analyses Experimental Design All experiments have key elements in common: Experiments must be controlled this means that all aspects except for one variable must be kept constant usually include any two groups. Experimental group: variable is altered, independent variable Control group: variable is not altered, dependent variable Experiments use models to recreate occurrences, but in a controlled setting model organisms, ISS,

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