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CompositionDrawingsSeeing,Drawing,Analyzing
ARCH 2315
The Five Orders
Exercise in Composition
Composition Drawings:
Seeing,
Drawing,
Analyzing . . .
Palazzo Caprini (House of Raphael), Rome, Bramante, 1505
Composition Exercise
Palazzo Caprini (House of Raphael), 1512, Rome, Bramante
Proportions: Bramante regulated the elevation using a system of vertical and horizontal bays, and by openings (windows doors)
Contstants Variables: In any design tradition, design follows some basic rules, one being the rule of Constants and Variables. Here we
see Bramantes use of constants:
A = width of bays, which regulate the elevation
B = width of end bays, which ‘hold’ the composition
C = height of arched openings, not including keystone, and of windows of the piano nobile, including the pediment
D = height between ?oors, as regulated by the rustication and by the orders
Constants are complemented by Variables:
Bramante’s elevations can be diagramed as a variety
of squares and rectangles, in various combinations
that are in harmony with the whole of the
composition. In this case, the Constants provide a
framework in which variable relationships can be
discerned.
Study the geometries that regulate Bramante’s
composition of the elevation, using diagonals as
analytical tools.
Compare both diagonal studies to the bay system
below.
* Note that in the top study, the diagonals show the
basic dimensions of a square that regulate the
composition.
* Note that in the bottom study, the diagonals show
the basic dimensions of a rectangle that regulate the
composition. You’ll ?nd that the rectangles are very
close in their proportions to the Golden Rectangle,
also known as the Golden Ratio
* Note that in both cases, the proportions of the
squares and rectangles are consistent in their relation
to one another, regardless of their dimensions.
* A well-composed elevation is the result of
consistent proportions applied during the design
process.
Golden
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