ConstructionMethodforRoad-Pavement.ppt

Construction Method for Road-Pavement Lecture 1 Introduction of Pavement by : Sri Atmaja P. Rosyidi A. History In its most general sense, a road is an open, generally public way for the passage of vehicles, people, and animals. The earliest human road builders predate recorded history by thousands of years. With the advent of modern man, road building - the purposeful construction of general public ways - became a common sign of an advancing civilization. Covering these roads with a hard smooth surface (pavement) helped make them durable and able to withstand traffic and the environment. Some of the oldest paved roads still in existence were built by the Roman Empire. Roman Roads By in large, Roman roads (see Figure) were constructed during the Republican times - the oldest road, Via Appia, dates back to 312 B.C. the Roman road network consisted of over 100,000 km (62,000 miles) of roads. The superior quality and structure of its pavements have allowed many Roman roads to survive to this day. … Roman Roads A typical Roman road structure (see Figure), as seen in the United Kingdom, consisted of four basic layers (Collins and Hart, 1936): Telford Pavements The first insight into todays modern pavements can be seen in the pavements of Thomas Telford (born 1757). Teleford served his apprenticeship as a building mason (Smiles, 1904) and extended his masonry knowledge to bridge building. During lean times, he carved grave-stones and other ornamental work (about 1780). Eventually, Telford became the Surveyor of Public Works for the county of Salop (Smiles, 1904), thus turning his attention more to roads. Telford attempted, where possible, to build roads on relatively flat grades (no more than a 1 in 30 slope) in order to reduce the number of horses needed to haul cargo. … Telford Pavements Telfords pavement section was about 350 to 450 mm (14 to 18 inches) in depth and generally specified three layers. The bottom layer was comprised of large stones 100