12《物流专业英语》__Unit_12_Freight_loads.ppt

Commodities and market segments: goods 商品和市场细化：商品 As well as types of movements, another fundamental influence will be the nature of the payload. There are a number of distinct market segments for the movement of both goods and people, and the characteristics of the goods or people to be moved will be very important when determining the mode and specification of vehicles to be used and the features of the service offered. Some segments are so specialized that the few operators involved provide no services other than their own speciality. 和流转的种类一样，另一个基本的影响就是有效载荷的性质。对于商品和人的流转来说有一些截然不同的市场分块，当确定所用车辆的方式和规格、以及所提供服务的特征时，拟运输的商品或人的特征就会是非常重要的。有一些市场细块是如此的专业化，以至于所涉及的为数不多的运营商除了他们自身的专门业务以外，不提供任何其它服务。 Freight commodities The different characteristics of the many types of goods that require to be moved will affect the way in which the goods are both handled and treated while in transit. 载货商品 需要运输的许多种类商品的不同特性会影响商品在中转过程中的搬运及处理方法。 The normal state of the goods, eg solid, liquid, viscous, gaseous or living The temperature range in which the goods may be kept without damage Any dangers inherent in the goods The value and disposability of the goods 商品的正常状态，如固态、液态、粘性、气体或活物 保存时商品不受损害的温度范围 商品固有的任何危险 商品的价值及其自由支配度 Goods may be inherently valuable, like jewels, or valuable because of circumstances, like an urgently needed spare part. Some goods (eg cigarettes) can easily be sold if stolen, but some high-value items, eg optical equipment, may not be easy to sell illicitly. 商品可以是自身的固有价值高，如珠宝；或者因为环境而贵重，比如一件急需的零件；某些商品（如香烟）失窃后可以轻易脱手，但是另一些高价值物品，如光学设备，可能不会轻易地非法售出。 课堂教学之—— Step 6 课堂练习 提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。 1. Answer the following questions in English: 1. What are the three categories of goods movements? Three such categories: bulk movements, multi-drop movement and multi-part loads. 2. What are the characteristics of bulk movements? Typically bulk movements are of low-value commodities which can be moved at low cost, usually with no great urgency. 3. Why