名词性从句与定语从句档概要.doc

1.定语从句的考查要点： (1)关系词的使用，特别是which，that，when，where等； (2)介词和关系代词连用时，介词的选用； (3)以as引导的定语从句； (4)只用that的情况； (5)只用which的情况； (6)关系代词与关系副词的选用； (7)定语从句与强调句型的区别。 2.名词性从句的考查要点： (1)what，that引导名词性从句的区别； (2)whether，if引导名词性从句的区别； (3)名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句的区别； (4)it作形式主语、形式宾语的情况； (5)名词性从句中的虚拟语气。 1.定语从句仍是近五年高考的热点。2009年高考共考了15道 定语从句题。主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副 词(2009辽宁，23；2009安徽，30)；非限制性定语从句(特别是先行词是整个句子时)(2009全国卷Ⅱ，17；2009山东，24)；“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句(2009宁夏·海南， 全国卷Ⅰ，28)。此外，非限制性定语从句关系代词as和which的区别，是近年来的热点之一；对于表地点、时间的先行词模糊化(如2009浙江，14)，为近年来高考的热点和难点。 2.名词性从句主要考查内容：语序问题、连接词的选用。 近五年高考中关于名词性从句的考查全部是连接词的选用。2009年在连接词的选用中考查连接词that的有5道题，对whether/if的考查有2道题；特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句有3道题；wh-ever引导的名词性从句有3道题。 1.关系代词that与which的用法区别 (1)关系词指物只用that引导，不用which的情况： ①当先行词是不定代词：all，much，little，something， everything，anything，nothing，none，the one时。 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself？ You should hand in all that you have. ②当先行词前面用only，any，few，no，very等词修饰时。 This is the very book that Im looking for. The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. ③当先行词是形容词最高级时或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best that has been used against pollution. This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen. ④当先行词是序数词或它前面有一个序数词时。 This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. What is the first American film that you have seen？ ⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about？ ⑥当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Which is the bike that you lost？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal？ ⑦有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用that。 They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution. ⑧当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. (2)关系代词指物，而引导词只用 which 不用 that 的情况： ①关系代词指物，作介词宾语的时候： This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks. 这是他们在过去几周讨论了多次的问题。 ②关系代词指代前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句时： He failed in the exam，which made his father angry. 他考试不及格，这使他父亲很生气。 2.介词＋关系代词