中高级翻译方法.docVIP

中高级翻译技巧 一.被动语态的翻译 汉语和英语在语态使用上有较大的差异: 英语中被动语态用的较多,在没有必要或不愿意说出或者时没办法说出动作发出者时,英语就用被动语态来表示.汉语虽然也有被动语态,但是还是比较倾向于使用主动语态,因此我们在进行翻译之时,在大多数情况下要根据汉语和英语的各自使用习惯来翻译.接下来,我将以有关于被动语态翻译技巧的讲述之下,来让大家体会中英语之间的这种差异 eg: Nowadays ,her songs are so popular among the young people that they are played on the radio every Sunday . 现在,她的歌曲在年轻人中十分走红,每星期天都在电台播放 就这句话而言,大家可以注意到的就是,英语使用的是被动语态,而中文使用的是主动语态,因为很明显,在英语中没有必要说出播放这个动作的执行者,而在中文之中,把播放译成被播放就显得十分的别扭好,现在我将为大家讲解我刚才写在黑板上的一些句子的被动翻译技巧 1)使用加词法使翻译在汉语中含有被动含义 当使用英译中之时,我们可以使用一些汉语中表示被动的词,而不是简单的就只是用被这一个词,这样我们的译文就会变得生动很多 如:由,给,受,把,使.得到,是….的,为….所 请看以下几句句子: eg: Heads of federal departments are named by the President , and judges are either elected directly by the people or are appointed by elected officials . 联邦政府各部部长由总统任命,法官由人民直接选举,或者由选举出来的官员任命 Though some people have been laid off because of automation , most have been absorbed by new industries and by the growth of service and leisure industries. 有些人由于自动化而失了业,但是多数人为新兴产业及服务休闲业的扩大而吸收 If a computer can be made complex enough , it can be as creative as we. 如果能把电脑造的足够复杂的话,那么电脑就能像人一样富于创造力 It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are programmed to do so . 人们常说,电脑之所以能解决问题,只是因为它们给输入了解决问题的程序 The quality of the product was limited by the cost. 产品的质量受到了成本的限制 The effort of the government was recognized by the public. 政府的努力得到了公众的承认 2)直接译成主动结构 *有些句子在汉语中,使用主动结构更为合适 We both believe that through vigilance and strength , in your words , a war can be postponed , and in our words , war can be avoided. 我们都认为, 有了警惕和实力,用你们的话说, 就可以推迟战争;用我们的话说,就可以避免战争. When the Constitution was written in 1787, there were only 13 states. 1787年草拟宪法时,美国只有13个州 What we say here will not be long remembered. 我们这里所讲的话, 人们不会长久地记住 **常用结构的翻译 It is said/reported/mentioned/pointed out that , 结构常译成主动结构 It is said that the man was murdered by the black man. 据说是那个黑人谋杀了那个人. It is reported that the new president is going to pay an official visit to Russia. 据报道,新任总统将对俄罗斯进行一次正式访问 It is know to all that Chinas opening to the outside wor