优秀毕业论文（设计）_常减压焦油加工工艺换热网络设计与优化.doc

摘 要 随着全球经济快速的发展，全球能源资源的快速消耗，资源短缺成为了二十一世纪所面临的重大问题，它制约着人类的生存和发展。再者由于我国长期粗放型经济增长模式导致高能耗、高物耗的产业占据着我国重要的地位。而常减压蒸馏是是炼油工业的基础，同时也是炼油企业的用能大户约占全厂总能耗的20%-30%。因此常减压蒸馏装置的节能优化对于炼油厂极为重要。那么每个炼油厂必须有着自己的一套常减压换热络来实现全厂的节能优化，通过换热网络优化综合设计一个最优的换热网络也就显得极为重要。该设计就是为年消耗20万吨常减压焦油装置换热网络进行模拟优化。利用Aspen Plus软件进行常减压焦油加工工艺的流程，，进行物料衡算物料守衡利用Aspen Energy Analyzer 进行常减压焦油加工工艺换热网络的模拟，，和中确定夹点温度为210℃，栅格图 （3）设置允许换热温差分别为6℃、8.5℃、12℃，对常减压焦油加工工艺进行换热网络的模拟，进行流股匹配，得到在允许换热温差等于最小换热温差的时候是最节工程用量的，节约了2744.9 MJ/h。根据成本最低原则，选择优化方案二。 关键词：流程模拟 换热网络模拟 夹点技术 换热网络优化 Abstract With the rapid development of the global economy, rapid depletion of global energy resources, shortage of resources has become a major problem facing the twenty-first century, it restricts the human survival and development. Furthermore, because our long-term extensive economic growth mode leads to high energy consumption, high material consumption industry occupies an important position in China. And yes basis of atmospheric and vacuum distillation refining industry, but also energy-hungry refineries account for about 20% -30% of the whole plants total energy consumption. Thus saving optimization crude distillation unit is extremely important for the refinery. Then each refinery must have their own set of atmospheric and vacuum heat network to achieve energy optimization of the whole plant, an optimal integrated design optimization of heat exchanger network through a network will become extremely important. The design is to the annual consumption of 200,000 tons of tar crude oil distillation unit heat exchanger network simulation and optimization. (1) determine the atmospheric and vacuum tar processing technology processes using dehydration tower, fractionating tower, tower anthracene oil, phenol oil tower, fractionating column distillation tower 5. Determine the feed ingredients and feed rate, use of Aspen Plus software for simulation of atmospheric and vacuum distillation of tar processing process, to give the product table, for material b