UrbanHealthIssues,ChallengesandSolutions.ppt

Double Burden of Diseases Water and sanitation problems Due to increasing urbanization coupled with existing un-sustainability factors and conventional urban water management Nealy 1.1 billion people worldwide who do not have access to clean drinking water and 2.6 billion people i.e. over 400 million people, lack even a simple improved latrine Can lead to increased episodes of diarrhea and economic burden * Double Burden of Diseases Upsurge of Non-communicable diseases The rising trends of non-communicable diseases are a consequence of the demographic and dietary transition Decreases in activity combined with access to processed food high in calories and low in nutrition have played a key role Urbanization is an example of social change that has a remarkable effect on diet in the developing world * Double Burden of Diseases Traditional staples are often more expensive in urban areas than in rural areas, whereas processed foods are less expensive This favors the consumption of new processed foods This places the urban population at increased risk of NCDs In India, chronic diseases are estimated to account for 53% of all deaths and 44% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost in 2005 * Challenges to Health System * KEY CHALLENGES TO URBAN HEALTH SERVICES * A scene which makes every Indian feel shameful… * * * Operational Challenges Inequitable distribution of health facilities To connect every household to health facilities is a big challenge Distance of first point of contact for any health need Lack of a fully functional and well defined public outreach system * Operational Challenges Lack of standards for Provision of safe water and sanitation facilities Housing and waste disposal systems No public health bill for setting up and regulating these standards Lack of understanding of recent demands of urban health care delivery and poor planning/implementation * Operational Challeng