第八讲全球海洋观测进展.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * THE SCIENCE DRIVER FOR THE MOORING ARRAY IS THE NEED TO DESCRIBE, UNDERSTAND, MODEL AND PREDICT UPPER OCEAN CURRENTS, TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY, IN PARTICULAR IN THE MIXED LAYER. PRESENT DAY COUPLED, NUMERICAL MODELS HAVE LOW SKILL IN PREDICTING TROPICAL INDIAN OCEAN SST, ALTHOUGH SIGNALS PERSIST FOR SEVERAL MONTHS DURING SOME YEARS. LOW SKILL COULD BE DUE TO INADEQUATE INITIALIZATION DATA AS WELL AS PROCESSES THAT ARE NOT PROPERLY MODELLED, SUCH AS THIN SALINITY LAYERS AND BARRIER LAYER DYNAMICS. THE ARRAY ADDRESSES THE NEED FOR T(Z), S(Z) DATA THROUGHOUT THE TROPICS, VELOCITY ALONG THE EQUATOR AND SURFACE FLUXES FOR CALIBRATION OF SATELLITE ESTIMATES IN KEY CLIMATOLOGICAL REGIONS * * * The global tropical Moored Buoy Array in May 2008 (top) and October 1999 (bottom) 引自：OceanObs’09 Community White Paper 亚洲季风的水汽输送 我国的石油运输线安全形势：安全保障和潜在新航道开辟 印度、美国联合监听，对印度而言，中国是仅次于巴基斯坦的第二大监听目标 瓜达尔港 马尔代夫 科克岛 印度在美国帮助下建立的监听站 距本土4000公里 印度在美国帮助下建立的监听站 潜在新航道：巽它海峡 Multi-platform Long-term Observations Implementing under CLIVAR-GOOS Indian Ocean Panel SEAGOOS 引自：OceanObs’09 Community White Paper RAMA RAMA, 2009: Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. Basin scale, upper ocean (~500 m) focus. Samples key regions: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Eq. Waveguide, Thermocline ridge (5-10S), subtropical sub-duction, Java upwelling. ATLAS TRITON RAMA: Present Status 47% of sites occupied (22 of 46; 3 Flux Reference Sites) R/V Fridtjof Nansen JAMSTEC MIRAI Japan India Norway Indonesia 1440 tons 5000 tons 8500 tons 1100 tons ATLAS TRITON RV Sagar Nidhi Sagar Kanya 4200吨，1983年德国建造 4000吨，建造中 BJ 8 1000吨，1995 BJ 1 1000吨，1986 印尼海洋调查船 印度海洋调查船 RV Sagar Nidhi 5000吨，2008年建造 中-泰联合实验室 中-印尼联合海洋 与气候中心‘ 中-印尼联合 巴东海洋观测站 NWS/Indonesian Throughflow Monitoring Combination of shelf (6 month turnaround) and bluewater (2 year turnaround) moorings (Timor Leste/Australian waters) + Ombai Strait transport mooring + Timor strait transport mooring + Cross shelf transect of shelf