中考常考语法知识点new.doc

中考常考的语法知识点（非常重要）： 一．冠词 an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip, an unusual boy, an ugly girl, an MP3，an I phone 5s a uniform, a university, a unit, a UFO, a useful book, a European country, an Asian country an hour, an honest boy(h不发音) an “a”( e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x) , a “b”( c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z) (无冠词)Children’s Day, May Day, the Spring Festival 序数词和最高级前要用the: the first lesson, the third class, the most exerciting movie 独一无二的事物和江湖海前用the: the moon,the earth,the sun,the Changjing River a one-year-old baby, an eight-year-old boy, an eleven-year-old girl —I lost the book I bought last week.— Is it a black one? 10. Do you know the boy next to Mary / the man in white? 11.序数词和最高级前如有名词所有格或物主代词不加the : Li Lei is my first Chinese friend and he is also my best friend. 二．名词 1. 名词单复数: (单复数同形)many sheep, a few deer, several Japanese, three Chinese, nine fish （不规则变化）a few geese, two mice, some children, ten feet, five teeth radios, photos, pianos, zoos; potatoes, tomatoes, heroes, Negroes 2. 名词所有格: Tom and Mary’s father, Tom’s and Mary’s fathers the key to the door, the answer to the question, the ticket to the concert, the way to the bank Teachers’ Day, Mother’s Day, Women’s Day ten minutes’ walk=a ten-minute walk, a five-day holiday=five days’ holiday, have five days off 3. 不可数名词: weather、news、information、advice、music、fun、room(空间)、work (不可数名词前不可加a,an,感叹句中也不能有a,an) (可数: a message, a newspaper) There is an orange(橙子) on the table. two bottles of orange(橙汁) an orange(橙色) dress 4. 名词作定语: shoe shops, clothes shops,girl students, women doctors, men nurses, sports shoes 5. three Englishmen/ Frenchmen, a few Germans, many Americans 6. a piece of bread a box of oranges a pair of shoes four pieces of bread two boxes of oranges five pairs of shoes 7.名词可数和不可数时意思不一样：chicken(鸡肉；小鸡) life(生活；生命lives), orange(橙汁；橙子) 8. (本身是复数)two people, police, (总是用复数)many clothes, a pair of trousers, vegetables 三．数词: 1. thousands