对外经济贸易大学815经济学“西方经济学”课件-经济增长与经济周期理论.ppt

第十七章经济增长与经济周期理论 [Economic Growth Theory and Business Cycles Theory] 第一节 经济增长理论 第二节 经济周期理论 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 第一节 经济增长理论一、经济增长理论概述 经济增长的含义 “本书的主题为一国人均产出的增长。” [英]阿瑟·刘易斯：《经济增长理论》。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 经济增长的源泉 宏观生产函数： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 经济增长分解式： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二、新古典经济增长模型 社会储蓄函数： 宏观生产函数（不考虑技术进步）： 规模报酬不变： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. y 0 k 人均生产函数曲线 教材P694 图21-3 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 资本、产量和储蓄（投资）之间 的相互依赖关系 资本存量 产出/收入 资本存量的变化 储蓄/投资 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 新古典增长模型的基本方程 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 新古典增长模型基本方程的含义 如果不考虑技术进步的作用，则： 只有人均资本的增长，人均产出才可能增加； 只有人均储蓄高于人均投资与人均折旧之和，人均资本才可能增加。 资本深化=人均储蓄–资本广化 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 经济增长的稳态分析 稳态条件： 虽然人均投资和人均产出不变，但只要资本存量与劳动人口保持同样比例增长，总产出就可以长期按相同的比例增长。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. y 0 k 经济增长的稳态 教材P696 图21-5 yA syA kA Evaluation only. Created