11YL--335B自动化生产线分拣单元论文设计概论.doc

摘 要 自动生产线的最大特点是它的综合性和系统性，综合性主要涉及机械技术、微电子技术、电工电子技术、传感测试技术、接口技术、信息变换技术、网络通信技术等多种技术有机地结合，并综合应用到生产设备中；而系统性指的是生产线的传感检测、传输与处理、控制、执行与驱动等机构在微处理单元的控制下协调有序地工作，有机地融合在一起。本系统完成一个工件的拆卸、分拣工作，模拟一个生产流水线的生产过程。首先由供料站提供原料，运输站将其送至加工站加工，然后送至装配站进行安装，最后由分拣站进行分拣。 设计以送料、加工、装配、输送、分拣等工作单元作为自动生产线的整体设计，构成一个典型的自动生产线的机械平台，系统各机构的采用了气动驱动、变频器驱动和步进（伺服）电机位置控制等技术。系统的控制方式采用每一工作单元由一台PLC承担其控制任务，各PLC之间通过RS485串行通讯实现互连的分布式控制方式。所以，本设计综合应用了多种技术知识，如气动控制技术、机械技术（机械传动、机械连接等）、传感器应用技术、PLC控制和组网、步进电机位置控制和变频器技术等。 关键字 PLC 电机  The biggest characteristic of automatic production line is a comprehensive and its system, comprehensive mainly relates to the mechanical technology, microelectronics technology, electrical and electronic technology, sensor technology, interface technology, information transformation technology, network communication technology and other technology organically, and applied to production equipment and systems; that is production line of sensing, processing and transmission, control, execution and driving mechanism in the control of the micro processing unit of work coordinately, organically fuses in together. The system completed the demolition, sorting a work piece, the production process simulation of a production line. First by the feeding station to provide raw materials, transport station will be sent to the processing station for processing, and then sent to the assembly station for installation, and finally by the sorting station sorting. Design work to feed, processing, assembling, transporting, sorting unit as the overall design of automatic production line, forming a mechanical platform is a typical automatic production line, the mechanism of the system adopts pneumatic drive, inverter drive and stepper (servo) motor position control technology. Control system adopts each work unit is composed of a PLC for the control task, the PLC through the RS485 serial communication to achieve the interconnection of distributed control mode. So, the design of integrated application of a var