12(SK)非谓语动词复习课件(完整篇)概论.ppt

1. –ing作主语和表语时与不定式的区别：??? -ing和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于：在表示比较抽象的一般的多次行为时多用-ing分词；在表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式。如：Smoking is forbidden here.? （泛指吸烟）这里禁止吸烟。It’s not good for you to smoke so much.?? （指你吸烟）吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。My job is teaching.? 我的工作是教书。My job is to teach you English this term.? 我这一学期的工作是教你们英语。 2. 有些动词既能接不定式，又能接-ing分词，含义有所不同。如：①forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作，而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如：Do you remember seeing me before??? 你记得以前见过我吗？Remember to lock the door when you leave.离开时要记得锁门。②动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式 作宾语，意思也有所不同。如：I try not to think about that.?? 我尽量不去想那件事。Would you please try doing that again?? 请你再试一次好吗？I mean to change it for another one.?? 我想换成另外一个。Missing the train means waiting for another hour.?? 误了这 班车就意味着再等一个小时。 Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.????????????????? After a short rest, they went on working.?? He stopped talking when the bell rang.? While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times.??? 注意：有时人们把stop后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。③动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语，不可以接动词不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾语补语。如：Please permit me to say a few words.?? 请允许我说几句话。We don’t permit smoking here.?? 我们这儿不允许吸烟。 ④动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接 -ing分词或不定式的被动式。如：The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned.?? These little children require looking after carefully/ to be looked after carefully.?⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面，如表示一般性动作， 多用-ing分词；如指特定的具体的某次动作，多用不定式。如： I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you.?? ?????? 我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。I prefer walking to school every day.?? 我情愿每天步行去学校。I prefer to stay at home today.?? 今天我情愿呆在家里。 ⑥动词begin, start后面，如表示有意识地开始做某事，常用-ing分词，否则用不定式更多一些。如：We began to do that job last year.?? 我们去年开始做那工作的。?????? They started talking about the film at once.? 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影。????????????? 注：下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语：a. 当start, begin本身用于进行时态时。?When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents