托福讲义-1FirstSection讲解.ppt

写作训练方法 1-5 不限时间，结构完整 300字以上 6-10 一个小时，结构完整，350以上， 11-20 半个小时，400字以上 注意： 1. 检查语法，拼写错误，跑题，表达不清楚 2. 用键盘写作 我们下面从评分标准切入， 逆向回溯到应试技巧 Score Scales Because TOEFL iBT is significantly different from the previous version of the test, the score scale is also different. The TOEFL iBT provides scores in four skill areas: Listening 0–30 Reading 0–30 Speaking 0–30 Writing 0–30 Total Score 0–120 The total score is the sum of the four skill scores. Writing Responses to all writing tasks also are sent to ETS’s Online Scoring Network. The responses are rated by 2 to 4 certified raters on a score scale of 0 to 5. The average of the scores on the two writing tasks is converted to a scaled score of 0 to 30. The response to the integrated writing task is scored on the quality of writing (organization, appropriate and precise use of grammar and vocabulary) and the completeness and accuracy of the content. The independent writing essay is scored on the overall quality of the writing: development, organization, and appropriate and precise use of grammar and vocabulary. Writing It is important to note that the raters recognize the responses are first drafts. They do not expect test takers to produce a well-researched, comprehensive essay. For that reason, test takers can earn a high score with a response that contains some errors. Writing Score 综合写作：20分钟 理想字数：150字 理想字数 3-4分 独立写作：30分钟 理想字数：350 理想字数 4-5分 算分方法:( Integrated + independent)/2*6 托福独立写作评分标准 5分:文章切题,阐说充分,文章有说服力;段落组织有序,衔接紧密,过渡自然,有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅,句式使用恰当,灵活,成熟;用词确切,得体.文章中有个别语法拼写错误,但不影响内容表达. 4分:文章切题,阐说基本充分,在某些细节上有缺陷.段落层次组织有序,衔接紧密,过渡自然,逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅,句式使用恰当,灵活;用词基本得体.文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误. 3分:文章切题,阐说尚可,展开不够.段落层次组织有序,衔接紧密,过渡自然,有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般,有时不得体.词性区分和拼写等有若干错误. 2分:文章切题,段落组织基本合理,有逻辑性,但只存在于语义层次上,语言表达上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立,但有许多语法错误,句间联系不顺畅,往往是不善于使用逻辑连词,显得幼稚,生硬.词汇方面拼写错误多,常有用词不得体现象. 1分:文章切题.阐说没有展开,只限于三言两语地回答问题;没有段落组织,很乱,长度很短,只有一段;句子排列有一定的逻辑关系,能看出各句基本框架,但结构或语法错误较多;用词不得题,拼写错误多. 0分:文章各方面都有严重错误,句子不像句子.总体印象是根本没有写作能力,