物理测验对提升知识原理重要性.docVIP

知识的形成需要一个漫长的过程，当学习一段时间后，学生是否真正掌握了所学的知识？掌握的情况如何？他们分析问题解决问题的能力得到提升了吗？在学生的知识形成过程中，他们达到了什么程度？还存在哪些问题？问题的根源在哪里？是记忆性问题还是理解方面的问题？根据学生的学习情况下一步应当如何进行教学？要想解决这一系列问题就必须对学生的知识形成情况进评价，这种以了解学生学习情况为目的考试称为形成性测验。 Knowledge requires a long process to develop, when learn after a period of time, whether students really mastered the knowledge of what they have learned? Know how to? Their ability to analyse and solve questions get promoted? In the students knowledge formation process, they reached what degree? What are the problems also? The root of the problem in where? Memory problems or understanding problems? According to the teaching learning situation of students should be how to do next? Is a must to solve this a series of problems to the students knowledge formation situation into evaluation, this to understand students learning situation for the purpose of the test is called formative test. 形成性测验关注更多的是学生的知识形成过程、思维过程及解决问题的过程与方法是否正确，这种测验可以帮助学生找到优势、发现问题、修正错误、调整学习方向、改变思维习惯和提高综合素质等。由于形成性测验更多关注的是学生知识的生成情况，因此，测验的过程往往伴随着学习过程同步进行，伴随着课堂教学同步展开。 Formative test focus is more of the students knowledge formation, thinking process and the process and the method to solve the problem correctly, this test helps students find advantage, found the problem, correct mistakes, adjust the direction of learning, change thinking habit and improve comprehensive quality, etc. Because of formative tests pay more attention to the students of knowledge generation, therefore, the test procedure is often accompanied by a simultaneous learning process, accompanied by classroom teaching. 一、课前小测的导航作用 A navigation function, small test before class 在实际课堂教学中，教师经常利用课堂的前3～5分钟对学生进行测验，这种检测的目的一般分为三种：一是为复习和巩固已学知识的课前小测，这类小测的目的是防止学生出现遗忘，测验命题与本节的新课内容有无关系均可；二是为本节新课教学活动服务的命题，此类命题内容有较强的针对性，考查内容对新知识的学习有承前启后的作用，因此命题内容可能是学生刚学过的，也可以是很久以前学过的内容；三是课前导学类命题，这类小测在学生充分预习的基础上进行，教师通过简单的命题对预习情况进行测验，在目前较为流行的学案教学中经常用到。课前小测多以选择题、填空题为主，也会以判断、计算等题型出现。课前小测要求解题时间短、难度低、预习或复习效率高，对进一步学习有承前启后的快速导航作用。 In actual classroom teaching, teachers