减少be动词的使用剖析.ppt

减少be 动词的使用 be 动词 主要指be的各种形式和 there + be 的各种形式，还有 which is 的表达。在英语中它们常被称为静态表达，一般说来，英语表达中应尽量避免。因为它们有静态倾向，在表达中往往使文章变得缺乏生气。 (1a) There is a beautiful park near my house. The name of the park is Tian Tan Park, which was built several hundred years ago. It is the biggest park in Beijing. The Tian-Tan Park is famous for not only its beauty but for its quietness. 请比较： (1a) There is a beautiful park near my house. The name of the park is Tian Tan Park, which was built several hundred years ago. It is the biggest park in Beijing. The Tian-Tan Park is famous for not only its beauty but for its quietness. (1b) Near my house stands Tian-Tan, the biggest park in Beijing, built several hundred years ago and famous now for not only its beauty but also its quietness. 显然后者的动词要比前者有力得多，因而使文章更为生动耐读。作文不能仅仅满足于“没有错误”，或语法结构和用词的正确性，而且还要追求表达的生动性。要写出生动、简洁、有力、耐读和连贯的文章就要“尽可能选择强有力的行为动词”，“可以少用被动语态和动词 be 的其他形式。” (2a) There are seven factors that contribute to this phenomenon./There are seven factors contributing to this phenomenon. (2b) Seven factors contribute to this phenomenon. (3a) On the river banks there are many willow trees with their branches bending into water. (3b) Many willow trees bend their branches into the river. (4a) It is a small mountain village surrounded by a clear river winding through a deep valley. (4b) A clear river surrounds a small mountain village and winds through a deep valley. 非主句谓语动词 变主句谓语 被动变主动 (5a) In the 1890s, China was invaded by western enemies and Chinese people were killed. (5b) In the 1890s, western enemies invaded China and slaughtered Chinese people. (6a) This is the place where dreams of a remote paradise are transformed into reality. (6b) The place transforms dreams of a remote paradise into reality. 替换为词义相近的行为动词 (7a) The problem is still unsolved. (7b) The problem remains unsolved. (8a) The gap between generations is wider and wider. (8b) The gap between generations grows wider. (9a) Mutual respect is the basis of our cultural cooperat