第三讲 中英语言对比讲解.ppt

summary Hypotactic vs Paratactic （形合与意合） Bamboo-like sentence structure vs tree-like sentence structure(竹式结构与树式结构) Complex vs. Simple(繁复与简短） Subject-Predicate vs topic-prominent Impersonal vs Personal （物称与人称） Passive vs Active (被动 vs 主动） Abstract vs Concrete （抽象与具体） exercises 1. I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if his temper is capricious his prose will be fantastical, and if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile. 我想，如果一个人思路不清，写起文章来也会杂乱无章；如果他性情多变、喜怒无常，他的文章也会充满奇思妙想；如果他思路敏捷，能由眼前之事联想到上百件事，除非他有很强的自我约束力，他的文章就会满篇是比喻联想。 3. He spoke so well that everybody was convinced of his innocence. a. 他说得那么好听，以至于每一个人都相信他是无辜的。 b. 他说的那样好听，谁都相信他是无辜的。 4. If you turn to the left, you will find our institute at a distance. a. 如果你向左转弯， 你就可以远远看到我们学校。 b. 向左转弯就可以远远看到我们学校。 Chapter ThreeA Comparative Study of Chinese and English Contents A Comparison of Thought Patterns between Chinese and Westerners A Comparison between Chinese and English Language A Comparison of Thought Patterns between Chinese and Westerners 1. Linear(直线型) vs Spiral (螺旋型) “Cultural Thought Patterns in Intercultural Education,” --published by American linguist Robert B. Kaplan on Language Learning in 1966. （Semitic languages include Arabic and Hebrew; Romance languages refer to French, Italian and Spanish, which come from Latin.） Francis Bacon 培根（1561-1626）: Of Studies Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 　　读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 (王佐良译) 关 雎 关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑。 参差荇菜，左右流之。窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。 求之不得，寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉。辗转反侧。 参差荇菜，左右采之。窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。 参差荇菜，左右毛之。窈窕淑女。钟鼓乐之。