胰头癌护理查2房.pptVIP

一例胰头癌病人的围手术期护理 倪荣苹 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 胰腺的解剖和生理概要 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 胰腺的解剖和生理概要 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 胰腺的解剖和生理概要 。 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 胰腺的解剖和生理概要 胰形态细长，分为头、颈、体、尾四 部分 胰头宽大，大被十二 指肠包绕 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 概况 胰头癌carcinoma of head of pancreas 是指发生于胰腺头部的恶性肿瘤，约占胰腺癌的2/3。 早期诊断困难，手术切除率偏低，预后很差.90%的病人在诊断后一年内死亡。5年生存率仅1%～3%。 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.  Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 病因与病理 　胰头癌的发病原因至今仍不十分清楚，但已发现某些因素与胰腺癌的发病关系密切。 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 病因与病理 病因 吸烟：香烟的烟雾中含有亚硝胺，能诱发胰腺癌发生。 高蛋白和高脂肪饮食 糖尿病、慢性胰腺炎和胃大部分切除术后 遗传 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 病因与病理 转移途径：淋巴转移和癌浸润最常见 淋巴转移:胰头前后、幽门上下、肝总动脉、腹主动脉旁的淋巴结。晚期可至锁骨上淋巴结。 直接浸润:邻接的脏器如胰腺内的胆总管、胃、十二指肠，浸润或压迫门静脉、肠系膜上动、静脉等。 癌肿远端的胰管内转移 腹腔内种植 血行转移:肝、肺、骨、脑等。 Company Logo Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 临床表现 腹痛、黄疸和消瘦为主要临床表现 1．40～70岁的病人多见，男性多于女性。 2．早期无特异症状，常见的症状有上腹隐痛、钝痛、胀痛和上腹部不适，可长期存在，夜间更明显。 3．晚期因侵犯腹腔神经丛，腹痛可加剧，呈顽固性，可伴背痛，止痛药往往效果不明显。 4．黄疸是胰头癌较早出现的症状之一，呈进行性加深，全身瘙痒，大便色浅，尿色渐