dexmedetomidine烧伤.docVIP

dexmedetomidine烧伤 文献类型 : 期刊 标题 : Sedation using dexmedetomidine in pediatric burn patients. 来源 : J Burn Care Res 2006 页码 : 206-10 作者 : Walker J;Maccallum M;Fischer C;Kopcha R;Saylors R;McCall J 作者地址 : Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 摘要 : Maintaining appropriate sedation and analgesia in pediatric burn patients can be quite challenging and often requires high doses of analgesics and anxiolytics because tolerance quickly develops. Escalating doses of opioids and benzodiazepines provide little additional benefit while increasing the incidence of side effects. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a novel alpha2-adrenergic agonist that provides sedation, anxiolysis, and analgesia with much less respiratory depression than other sedatives. In addition, DEX stimulation of alpha2 receptors on pancreatic beta cells may inhibit insulin secretion. Hyperglycemia has not been studied specifically in patients receiving DEX. Therefore, we hypothesized that DEX would improve sedation compared with our standard sedation regimen. In addition, we studied the effects of DEX on blood glucose levels. We performed a retrospective chart review of 65 pediatric burn patients (42 boys, 23 girls) in the intensive care unit admitted between 2001 and 2004 who received DEX infusion because of failure to achieve adequate sedation with our standard regimen of opioids and benzodiazepines. We recorded age, TBSA burn size, weight, dose and duration of infusion, adequacy of sedation before and after initiation of DEX, blood glucose levels before and after DEX, and the presence or absence of mechanical ventilation. The mean age was 5 years (range, 0.6-17), burn size was 36% TBSA (range, 3-94), and weight was 26 kg (range, 8-100). All patients were rated inadequately sedate before DEX infusion was initiated at 0.2 mug/kg/hr and titrated to effect. Twenty-six patients received a loading dose of 1 mug/kg. The avera