四六级写作要领.docVIP

四、六级作文写作要领 段落的组成和特征 段落的组成 段落大多由三部分组成： 主题句； 扩展句；结尾句。段落的构成如下： 主题句 1. 表明作者的观点和态度，或概括段落的内容，突出中心词或一个句子； 2. 段落 扩展句 3. 清晰详实，条理清楚，紧扣段落主题； 4． 结尾句 5. 对段落进行归纳总结,与主题句相辅相成； For example: English is favored on the following grounds. It is the official language of a number of countries. Of other countries, it is their second language. In still others, English is spoken as their major foreign language. That’s why English is so popular in our present world. 发展段落常用的方法 六级统考中，作文的题材大多为论说文，适合于这中题材的段落发展方法主要有： 列举或举例法；比较对比法；因果法等。 列举或举例法 列举或举例法是段落发展的基本方法，用这种方法发展段落， 首先要摆出论点（the topic sentence）, 然后列举一系列的论据对其进行陈述和解释，或用具体事例对其进行说明。如： Television presents us a vivid world in front of us. For example, TV can keep us informed of what is happening throughout the world. For another example, with a TV set at home, we can visit a great many tourist attraction in different countries. Besides, TV brings various forms of entertainments to our homes such as sports competitions, concerts. The pictures on TV look so real that we feel as if the events were taking place right before our eyes. [注] ：常用于列举或举例法的过渡连接语有：for one thing, for another, for example, for another example; to begin with, first, second, besides, in addition, also, still, moreover, still another, finally, at last, lastly; 试找出下列各主题句中的支配思想，然后按上述方法发展成一段约见50——80词的段落。 Increasing your vocabulary can help you in a number of ways. As to how to reduce city population, people have different opinions. Of all the subjects that I study in school, I think that English is the most important one. Rivers play a very important part in our life. Smoking is a bad habit. Travelling is a kind of education. A good dictionary can in some sense serve us as a teacher. A university student can get in touch with the society in several ways. 2. 比较——对比法Comparison and contrast 在有的作文测试中，要求考生对两者或三者同类的东西的优缺点进行阐述，并发表个人看法，这种作文要求考生在写作时用比较——对比法。比较对比法一般有两种模式： （1）先叙述甲，再叙述乙，即：A1, A2 , A3; B1