美国文学史chapter 2.ppt

American Literature Students ：08英语本科1，2班 Teacher: Zou Li Chapter Two (I)Edwards, Franklin, and Crevecoeur 1. The Intellectual Backgrounds for the 18th Century: A. American Puritanism (still dominating) B. The Great Awakening in 1730s and 1740s Jonathan Edwards as one of the leading advocates C. Deism: a Compromise between Science and Religion Newton and his “Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica” (in which he put forward his famous principle of universal gravitation) D. The Influence of The Enlightenment Movement (in France: Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire) (in England: Alexander Pope, Daniel Defoe) The Wild Honey Suckle??? ?by Philip Freneau Chapter Two (2) Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) Man of God Chapter Two (2)Jonathan Edwards II. Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) 1. Status: a puritan writer, theologian, colonial American preacher and missionary to Native Americans 2. Comments: Edwards “is widely acknowledged to be Americas most important and original philosophical theologian. He is known as one of the greatest and most profound of American theologians and revivalists. (born for religion and died for science) 3. Works: The Freedom of the Will (1954); The Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended (1758); The Nature of True Virtue (1765) “Personal Narrative” and “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” are his frequently anthologized pieces. Chapter Two (2) Jonathan Edwards 4. Criticism: His work is very broad in scope, but he is often associated with his defense of Calvinist theology, the metaphysics of theological determinism, and the Puritan heritage. His famous sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,” emphasized the just wrath of God against sin and contrasted it with the provision of God for salvation; the intensity of his preaching sometimes resulted in members of the audience fainting, swooning, and other more obtrusive reactions. Chapter Two (3)Benjamin Franklin (17