写作英语句子结构.ppt

主语 Subject 谓语 Predicate verb 宾语 Object 状语 Adverbial modifier 表语 Predicative 定语 Attributive 补语 Complement 系动词 Copula or linking verb 动词 Verb 及物动词 Transitive verb (v.t.) 不及物动词 Intransitive verb (v.i.) 名词 Noun (n.) 动名词 Gerund 副词 Adverb (ad.) 形容词 Adjective (adj.) 介词 Preposition (prep.) 连词 Conjunction 并列连词 Coordinating conjunction 从属连词 Subordinating conjunction 副词连词 Adverbial conjunction 短语 Phrase 名词(动词/形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式)短语 Noun (v. /adj. /adv. /present participle /past participle /infinitive) phrase 从句 Clause 主语从句 Subjective clause 定语从句 Attributive/adjective clause 宾语从句 Objective clause 状语从句 (原因, 时间, 地点, 目的, 结果, 条件, 让步) Adverbial clause (reason, time, place, purpose, result, condition, concession) 简单句 Simple sentences 并列句 Compound sentences 复合句 Complex sentences 并列复合句 Compound-complex sentences 合并句 Combined sentences Lie 虚度, 使空闲 Lie idle 被搁置不用 Go = become 变为, 变得 They go mad 他们疯了. hair that had gone gray. 变灰白的头发 常见的从属连词 (subordinating conjunctions): Time – after, before, since, until, when, while, whenever, as soon as Place – where, wherever Reason – because, since, as Purpose – so that, in order that Result – so…that, such …that Condition – if, unless, provided that Concession – although, though, as long as 并列复合句 (Compound-complex sentences) It is a combination of a compound sentence and a complex sentence. Examples: After he came here, sales figures picked up, and his team was more efficient. 复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词/关系代词 +简单句 I don’t know him. He has finished his work that he has finished his work. whether he has finished his work. 宾语从句 He is leaving for Washington. that he is leaving for Washington. when he is leaving for Washington. why he is leaving for Washington. how he is leaving for Washington. whether he is leaving for Washington. 复合句 = 简单句 + 从属连词/关系代词 +简单句 the people surprised That What he said what he did 主语 That he didn’t know the answer in the room. 定语 who were sitting in the room. who were present. whose sons were at war. who had signe