大学词汇学unitenglishvocabularyppt.ppt

Chapter 2 English Vocabulary: --- A Historical Perspective Teaching objectives English and its family A short history English and its growth Three phrases and characteristics English and its relatives Expansion of English 2.1 Classification of languages 1.???? Genetic Classification (谱系分类法) Sino-Tibetan(藏汉语系), Indo-European.(印欧语系), Semito-Hamitic （闪含语系), Bantu（班图语系), Uralic（乌拉尔语语系), Altaic （阿尔泰语系）, Malayo-Polynesian （马来-波利尼西亚语系）, Indian （印第安语系）etc. Indo-European family Indo-Iranian group(印伊语族): Persian(波斯语), Sanskrit(梵文), Hindi(印地语). Urdu(乌尔都语), Bengali(孟加拉语的) Armenian（亚美尼亚语族): Armenian Slavic（斯拉夫语族）: Russian, polish Hellenic（希腊语族）: Modern Greek Italic（意大利语族）: Latin, Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian Celtic（凯尔特语族）: Gaelic (盖尔语), Welsh, Briton (不列颠) Albanian（阿尔巴尼语族）: Modern Albanian Germanic（日耳曼语族）: English, German, Dutch, Yiddish, the Scandinavian languages（斯堪的纳维亚语） Sir William Jones Germanic English is classified as a Teutonic (日耳曼语) language, that is, a Germanic language. To be exact, English belongs to the low West Germanic branch of the Indo-European family. That’s to say, English belong to the group of languages to which German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian also belong. Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family. 2.2 The English People and the English Language Overview of Periods of Early English HistoryPre-History—1066 A. D. Pre-Roman/Pre-Historical ? up to 55 B. C. (Celts) Roman Occupation ? 55 B. C. – 410 A. D. Anglo-Saxon Period ? 410 – 787 A. D. Viking Invasions ? 787 – 1066 A. D. Norman Conquest begins in 1066 English and its growth 《英国公开大学:10分钟英语史》，/special/opencourse/english.html Pre-Historical / Pre-Roman Pre-Historical / Pre-Roman The island we know as England was occupied by a race of people called the Celts. One of the tribes was called Brythons or Britons (where we get the term Britain) The Celts were Pagans (异教徒) and their religion was known as “animism” a Latin word for “spirit.” Celts saw spirits everywh