車钩论文车钩缓冲装置动态特性研究.doc

车钩论文：车钩缓冲装置动态特性研究 【中文摘要】我国铁路重载运输自1984年以来,大概经历了四个阶段,自从我国第一条双线重载电气化运煤专线大秦铁路修建成功以来,我国重载运输迅速发展。随着列车质量增大,长度的增加,车辆轴重的增大,列车运行过程中的牵引力与制动力加大,制动波传递时间加长,而且列车所占的线路纵横断面比较复杂,因此,重载列车的受力情况远较一般列车复杂,列车的冲动、断钩、脱钩、脱轨,以及货物及车辆设备损坏增多、线路变形及养护维修工作量增大、轮轨磨耗加剧等,已成为重载铁路运输中的突出问题。车钩缓冲装置作为传递和缓和列车运行过程中或在调车时所产生的纵向力和冲击力的装置,在列车的运行过程中发挥着极其重要的作用,是重载列车关键技术之一。国内外车钩缓冲装置型号与种类繁多,应用范围也各不相同,因此,对车钩缓冲装置的动态特性进行研究至关重要。本文根据列车动力学原理,利用基于循环变量的模块化建模以及数值求解方法,并结合基于空气流动理论的空气制动仿真系统,分别对重载列车牵引、制动、惰行等工况进行仿真计算,并进行分析对比。论文主要从以下方面分析：1)对HM—1型缓冲器、HM—2型缓冲器、MT—2型缓冲器的性能分析,对比了三种不同缓冲装置对列车动力学性能的影响,对我国重载列车车钩缓冲装置的发展方向提出建议；2)分析不同车钩状态、车钩间隙对列车动力学性能的影响；3)讨论不同机车组合、不同牵引手柄位、不同列车初速度对列车车钩力以及列车动力学性能的影响；4)本文引入牵引杆装置,并对车钩与牵引杆装置进行组合,分析了车钩与牵引杆装置不同组合对列车动力学性能的影响；5)讨论了可控列尾技术对列车动力学性能的影响。 【英文摘要】The heavy haul transportation in China railway has probably experienced four stages since 1984, and developed rapidly after Datong-Qingdao railway the first double-lane and electrified heavy haul rail of China was built successful. However,with the increasing of train marshalling and hauling weight, and also a longer in length, more heavy of axle load and higher speed, the traction and braking force is increased and much more propagation time of brake wave. But also the vertical and horizontal cross-section are much more complicated occupied by the train set, so the force and response situation is more complex than the usual train. Causing impulse force, broken hook, decoupling hook, derail and other problems such as freight and car facilities damaged, the geometric structure of rail changed, wheel and rail abrasion aggravated, all the above lead to more maintenances is needed and have become the intractable issues.The raft gear device is used to transmit and alleviate longitudinal force and impact force during the running or marshalling of the train, plays a very important role in the running operation of the train, and has proved to be one of key technologies in heavy haul train. It’s crucial significant to study the dynamic behavior of the draft gears, which existi