英美政党ChapterPoliticalPartiesand.pptVIP

October ,2008 Chapter 7 British and American Political Parties and Elections Objectives To understand the party system in both UK and USA. To distinguish the political difference between the Conservative and the Labour of the UK from the Democratic and the Republican of the USA. To tell the disadvantages in the British general election and that of the primary election in the USA. British Political Parties Three Major Parties in Britain Today: the Conservative Party ( in 1833) the Labour Party (in 1900) the Social and Liberal Democrats (since 1988) The first two parties have been in power by turns since 1945) the Conservative Party (also known as the Conservative and Unionist Party) A. the origin of its name Due to the religious difference of opinion, the non-Puritan Anglicans were the supports of the King and the Church. They were called “Tories” by their opponents, a term of abuse used to describe the dispossessed Irish outlaws who plundered and killed English settlers, but gradually began to stand for Loyalists (or Cavaliers) whose political instrument was the king and whose strength was drawn from the conservative landowning class. Its name was changed from Tory to Conservative in 1833. Question to ponder: What does “Whig” refer to? B. the nature of the Conservative Party It is the party of the right because the Conservatives are opposed to great changes in society and have a belief in private enterprise and freedom from state control. C. the features of the Conservative Party relatively rich and privileged maintenance of the existing institutions as its policy last word in deciding policy by its leader conference for the leaders’ guidance but a device for making the party’s policy the Labour Party A. the origin of its name Before 1922, the policies were controlled by the rich. The working class became more and more unwilling to follow them. They wanted to have their own part