英语写作sentencetypeandsentencefragments.ppt

Sentences Sentence types I. Basic Sentence Structures What is a sentence? A sentence is a group of words that forms a statement, command, exclamation or question, usually contains a subject and a verb, and in writing begins with a capital letter and ends with one of the marks “.” “?” or “!” There are seven basic elements in English sentences: subject, predicate, predicative (subject complement), object, object complement, attributive, and adverbial Requirements of Correct Sentences 1) It should be structurally complete; 2) It should begin with a capital letter; 3) It should end with a full stop, or a question mark, or an exclamation mark; 4) It should express a single complete idea. 人治 PK 法治 就句子结构而言，英语句子是法治的，而汉语是人治的。 无主语：下雨了。 无动词：我二十岁。 无宾语：词典来了，快去买吧。 无逻辑：晒衣服/晒太阳 吃苹果 /吃食堂 救国/救火 clause : a group of words that has a subject and a verb independent (main) dependent (subordinate) Activity: Judge whether the following expressions are clauses or not. In the rain. When he finished. Because the movie is over. Mary screamed. 1.Simple sentences A simple sentence includes only one independent clause although sometimes it can be quite long. For example: This has made it necessary for agriculture and industry to develop very quickly. Sometimes the simple sentence may have two or more subjects with one predicate. For example: Fast service and low cost are important in the United States. Sometimes in a simple sentence, a subject may have two or more predicates. For example: I visited museums and sat in public gardens. Sometimes a sentence may have two subjects and two predicates. For example: Rose and Cameron went to the forest and collected a lot of insect specimens. The basic sentence structures 1. Subject + verb The telephone rang. 2. Subject + verb + complement We are students. / Milk turns sour. 3. Subject + verb + object Labor created man . 4. Subject + verb