直接引语变间接引语词语变化.doc

1、间接引语中的词语变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语以及主谓语词序往往要作相应的变化。 时态的变化 直接引语转化为间接引语时，主句动词的时态若是过去时，间接引语的时态要变为相应的过去时态。 直接引语中的时态 间接引语中的时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时、现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 shall should should should（不变） will would would would（不变） may might might might（不变） can could could could（不变） 例1）She said ,” I like maths very much.” (一般现在时) → She said that she liked maths very much. (一般过去时) 例2）He said, “ I’ve never seen this man .” （现在完成时） → He said that he had never seen that man. （过去完成时） 例3）Joe said ,” I’m listening to music in my room.” （现在进行时） → Joe said that he was listening to music in his room. （过去进行时） 重要提示1 ：当引语表示一般真理或客观事实时，转化为间接引语时时态不变，并且要使用一般现在时。如： 例1）He asked, “ which star is the biggest ?” → He asked which star is the biggest . 例2) The teacher told us ,”The earth goes around the sun.” → The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 重要提示2：当直接引语有确定的过去时间时，时态不需变化。 例1）Chloe said,” The story took place in the 1930s.” → Chloe said that the story took place in the 1930s. B. 时间状语、地点状语和指示代词的变化 直接引语中的状语、指示代词 间接引语中的状语、指示代词 today that day 当天 yesterday the day before 前一天 tomorrow the next day/ the following day 第二天 last week/month/year the week/month/year……before ago before three/four/……years ago three/four/……years before in 2008 in 2008 (不变) now then 那时 so far by then here there this that these those the day before yesterday 前天 two days before 两天前 the day after tomorrow 后天 in two days’ time/ two days after 两天后 C. 方向性动词的变化 在直接引语变为间接引语时，表示方向性的动词bring, come 应变为take , go。 例1）My sister asked me ,”Could you bring the chairs upstairs ?” → My sister asked me if I could take the chairs upstairs. 附表： 时间状语、地点状语、指示代词和动词的变化： 直接引语 间接引语 时 间 状 语 now today tonight tomorrow yesterday this week(month, year…) last week(month, year…) next week(month, year…) three days(months years…)ago then that day that night the next day the day before that week(month, y