中职英语被动语态课件.ppt

* 退出 二 ．被动语态的基本结构 be + 过去分词 （人称.数. 时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上） 退出 一． 语态 语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。如果主语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就要用被动语态。 His brother washes bowls every day. 主 谓 宾(受动者) Bowls are washed by his brother every day. 改为被动语态 退出 时间 现在 过去 一般时 进行时 完成时 be done (is/am/are) be being done (is/am/are) be done (was/were) be being done (was/were) 将来 will / shall be done will / shall have been done have/has been done had been done 过去将来 would / should be done would / should have been done 情态动词 can/may/must be done 1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语 Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词 2. They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词 3.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词 4．Amy can take good care of Gina ． Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词 5. Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词 6. I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night． My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词 7. We have made twenty more keys． Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词 语态转换时要注意的问题 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 保留宾语 A new computer has been bought. (正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误) 注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 The cup with mixture was showed to the class. My bike