汪海荣修改后论文.docVIP

能满足某种需要的轨道设计 摘要 铁路弯道设计对火车运行安全起着至关重要的作用. 由于火车经常需要由直线轨道进入到圆轨道, 而直接进入到圆轨道会产生很多安全问题. 缓和曲线正解决了这一问题. 缓和曲线设计要素主要包括缓和曲线线型、缓和曲线长度、外轨超高等. 本文通过对三个要素的分析讨论, 阐述了货车在运行过程中的安全问题以及轨道设计应遵循的一些基本原则. 分别讨论了路面高度不变与路面高度变化两种情况. 在满足列车运行安全和考虑旅客舒适度以及实际施工难度等诸多因素下, 最后得出结论是抛物线型缓和曲线比较适合充当缓和曲线. 这一结论也与实际情况相吻合. 关键词　铁路弯道; 缓和曲线; 三次抛物线型; 外轨超高 Design of tracks meeting some demands Abstract Railway design plays a vital role for the safety of the operation of a train. Since a train switches from a linear track to a circular orbit regularly and doing such a switch directly would cause safety problems, it is necessary to introduce cushioning curves to bridge them up. The design of cushioning curves includes the design of the type and the length of these curves, and the difference between the heights of the two tracks will also be taken into consideration. Through the analysis of these three elements in the design of cushioning curves, we introduced possible security issues and certain principles in the design of railway tracks. Both the cases when the height of the road is changing or is constant are discussed. When the safety of the operation of train, comfort of passengers, and the feasibility of the construction are all taken into consideration, it is shown that parabolic curves are suitable for cushioning curves. This conclusion fits with the actual situation well. Keywords　 railway turning; curve; three parabolic line; the rail high in the outside 不要删除行尾的分节符, 此行不会被打印目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.1.1 铁路的发明 1 1.1.2 铁路的发展历程 2 1.1.3 我国铁路的建设过程 3 1.2 问题的提出及研究的意义 5 1.3 相关的理论与方法综述 5 1.3.1 解决问题的思想 5 1.3.2 解决问题的方法 5 第2章 缓和曲线 6 2.1 缓和曲线对交通安全的影响 6 2.1.1 缓和曲线概述 6 2.1.2 缓和曲线的重要性 6 2.2 各类缓和曲线介绍 7 2.2.1 缓和曲线型式分类 7 2.2.2 缓和曲线要素及其特征 7 2.2.3 各种缓和曲线方程 8 2.3 三次抛物线型缓和曲线 10 2.3.1 曲线的曲率 10 2.3.2 三次抛物线型缓和曲线的方程 11 2.3.3 三次抛物线型缓和曲线的长度 12 第3章 弯道向心力 15 3.1 外轨超高与欠超高 15 3.1.1 外轨超高 15 3.1.2 外轨欠超高 16 3.2 路面高度不变时的弯道设计问题 17 3.2.1 火车运行受力分析 17 3.2.2 路面无冰雪时的弯道设计 18 3.2.3 路面有冰雪时的弯道设计 19 3.3 路面高度变化时的弯道设计问题 20 3.3.1 路面高度下