高级英语（第三版）第二册第十二课 Four Laws of Ecology Part II).ppt

省级精品课程 《高级英语》第三版第二册 制作人：徐李洁 Lesson Twelve  Four Laws of Ecology (II) --Barry Commoner Teaching Objectives To enable students to understand Commoner’s concepts of laws of ecology. To familiarize students with vocabulary concerning ecosystem, environmental crisis and biological terms. About the Text The text is mainly about the next two of the four laws of ecology. The author discusses in depth the relationship and links of species in the ecosystem Through the discussion of the four laws of ecology, the author reveals the interdependence and coexistence of various species in the vast network of life on the earth. Structure of the Text Part I: Paras 1-8 The Third Law of Ecology: Nature Knows Best Para. 1 The general notion: improve on nature. Paras. 2-4 Definition and analogy. Paras. 5-7 Its relation to organic chemistry Para. 8 Restatement Part II: Paras. 9-14 The Fourth Law of Ecology: There Is No Such Thing as a Free Lunch Detailed Analysis of the Text Part I The Third Law of Ecology: Nature Knows Best This law means: during the several billion years in which they have evolved, living things have utilized and incorporated substances. Systems have evolved what function best. Other ways of doing things may have been tried but discarded, and so any changes humans make will be harmful. Paragraph One presents the general notion: improve on nature (para.1) In my experience this principle is likely to encounter considerable resistance, for it appears to contradict a deeply held idea about the unique competence of human beings. Contradict: deny the truth of; be resistance to, 反驳， 否认 My experience proves that some people will strongly reject this principle for it appears to disagree with an idea firmly held by people that human beings have the unique ability and skill to do anything that is needed. (para.1) One of the most pervasive features of modern technology…