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07 翻译第7讲 Simplification and Addition Simplification, some people may use the term of condensation, is to condense a phrase into a word, a clause into word-group, a complex or compound sentence into a simple sentence, or two or more simple sentences into one simple sentence, to make our translation concise or contracted. As we know, one of the most important differences between Chinese and English in linguistics is that the comparison between Hypotaxis and Parataxis. Hypotaxis means “the dependent or subordinate relationship of clauses with connectives”. Parataxis means “the juxtaposition 并列of clauses or phrases without the use of coordinating or subordinating conjunctions”. Simplification Simplification (condensation) of phrases and clauses Sentence 1 He used poetry as a medium for writing in prose. A. 他以诗歌作为写散文的媒介。 B. 他用诗歌来写散文。 C. 他以诗歌的形式来写散文。 Sentence 4 If you take this medicine, your illness will surely be cured. A.你要是服这个药，你的病肯定能治好。 B.这药吃了准好。 C.吃这种药，病准能好。 Sentence 8 The system of strong public services and social solidarity has deep root in French history. A. 法国历史中有很强的公共服务和社会团结的体制。 B. 强调公共服务和社会团结一直是法国的历史传统。 C. 良好的公共服务和安定的社会环境是法国的历史传统。 We finally got to the root of the problem. 我们最终抓住了问题的实质。 Sentence 9 People were variously impressed, intrigued, outraged, frightened, and perplexed by my arguments. A. 我的观点使有的人印象深刻，有的深感兴趣，有的气愤之极，有的惊恐万状，有的困惑不解。 B. 大家对我的观点印象各不相同，有的印象深刻，有的深感兴趣，有的气愤之极，有的惊恐万状，有的困惑不解。 Sentence 10 We passed two neighbors. Havel nodded to both wishing them a good day. A. 我们走过两个邻居，哈维尔向他们点头，以示问候。 B. 我们经过两位邻居家时，……。 More examples: 1 As he approached the village he met a number of people but none of whom he knew, which somewhat surprised him. 快到村庄时，遇见了许多人都很陌生，这使他感到有些惊讶。 2 As we lived near the road, we often had the traveler or stranger visit us to taste our gooseberry wine. 我们住在路旁，常有旅客和异乡人来访，品尝我们家酿制的醋栗酒。 3 When anyone among the people breaks the law, he too should be punished. 任何人违法，都要受惩罚。 4 The chief functions of the heart are to send blood to