Unit4 Gramarmar.ppt

直接引语和间接引语Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”; 用自己的话转述别人的话叫“间接引语”; 直接引语一般前后要加引号; 间接引语不用引号。 直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项 直接引语变间接引语就是写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语，要注意以下几点： 人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用 陈述句的语序. * 如: John said, “I like reading very much.”(直接引语） John said that he liked reading very much.(间接引语) 1、直接引语是陈述句： 在变为间接引语时，(that)+陈述语序 He said, “I get on well with my classmates.” 主句中如果有say to sb，通常变为tell sb. He said (that) he got on well with his classmates. She said，“I am mad at Marcia. ” She said “I am having a party for Lana”. He said, “I go to the beach every Saturday.” He said to me, “I will call you tomorrow.” She said “I can speak three languages.” She said (that) she was mad at Marcia. She said (that) she was having a party for Lana. He said (that) he went to the beach every Saturday. He told me (that) he would call me tomorrow. She said (that) she could speak three languages. 2、直接引语是一般疑问句： 在变为间接引语时，if/ whether + 陈述语序。 主句中的谓语动词是said时，要变成asked: 没有间接宾语时，还可以根据具体情况加上me, us等间接宾语。 She said, “Are you free now?” She asked me if I was free then. He asked me, “Do you go to school by bus?” He asked me if I went to school by bus. 3、直接引语是特殊疑问句： 在变为间接引语时，疑问词 + 陈述语序。 He asked me, “What were you doing?” He asked me what I was doing. The students asked Mary, “Where do you live?” The students asked Mary where she lived. 4、直接引语是祈使句： 在变为间接引语时，要变为动词不定式， 同时把主句中的say to sb改为tell, ask等。 Tell sb (not) to do Ask sb (not) to do The teacher said to me, “Please close the door!” The teacher said, “Don’t play on the street.” The teacher asked me to close the door The teacher told us not to play on the street *