谓语动词讲义.ppt

一.谓语动词讲义 1.谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征 和状态。谓语 由动词(实意动词(vi;vt)和系动词)充当，一般放 在主语之后。 2.谓语构成:(1).简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practices running every morning. He made up an interesting story. (2).复合谓语：由情态动词(can…)或其他助动词(have…)加动词的某种形式构成；或者由系动词加表语构成。 You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. We are students. 二.谓语动词常用的九种时态 1.一般现在时(do,does,am, is ,are) 现在的习惯或状态，现在经常发生的动作；客观规律或真理；在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来 He often reads English in the morning. The city is very clean now. Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Even though it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will take place. 2.一般过去时 过去发生的动作或存在的状态(常与表示过去的时间状语连用)(did, was , were) Tom came to China 10 years ago. The city was very dirty in the past. 3.一般将来时 将来发生的行为或存在的状态 Will +do(规律；意愿或倾向性) be going to do be to do be about to do be doing He will go to NewYork tomorrow. We will die when we are old. Oil and water will not mix. 4. 过去将来时 从过去的观点看发生在将来的行为或存在的状态(一般不单独使用) would do was/ were going to do He said that he would visit us before long. I was about to go out when it began to rain. 5.现在进行时 此刻正进行或现阶段正进行的动作 说话人的赞叹或厌恶等 am/is/ are doing Look! They are having fun with each other. We are preparing for the final exam these days. He is always changing his mind. 6.过去进行时 过去某一时刻或某段时间正进行的动作 赞叹、厌恶等 was/ were doing They were having a meeting when the fire broke out. He was always changing his mind. 7. 现在完成时 过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响；从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态(already, by now, before,so far…) have/ has done I have finished reading the book. It is the first time that I have visited the farm. He hasn’t cleaned the room for 10 days. I have watched the movie twice. 8.现在完成进行时 从过去某一刻开始的动作一直延续到现在，甚至将来(一直) have/has been doing He is ill.He has been lying in bed for two weeks. He has been reading the book for two hours. He has read the book. 9.过去完成时 动作发生在过去的过去(一般有过去动作或时间参照) had done The film had begun when I got to the cinema yesterday. By the end of last term,we had learned more than 2,000 words. * *