中国银行体系简介综述.docx

China bank system structure The Chinese banking system consists of a central bank, a regulatory body, a self-regulatory organization and a banking financial institution. The Peoples Bank of China (PBC) was established on December 1, 1948 based on the consolidation of the Huabei Bank, the Beihai Bank and the Xibei Farmer Bank. In September 1983, the State Council decided to have the PBC function as a central bank. The Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the Peoples Bank of China adopted on March 18, 1995 by the 3rd Plenum of the 8th National Peoples Congress has since legally confirmed the PBCs central bank status. 　　With the improvement of the socialist market economic system, the PBC, as a central bank, will play an even more important role in Chinas macroeconomic management. The amended Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the Peoples Bank of China, adopted by the 6th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 10th National Peoples Congress on December 27, 2003, provides that the PBC performs the following major functions: (1) Drafting and enforcing relevant laws, rules and regulations that are related to fulfilling its functions; (2) Formulating and implementing monetary policy in accordance with law; (3) Issuing the RMB and administering its circulation; (4) Regulating financial markets, including the inter-bank lending market, the inter-bank bond market, foreign exchange market and gold market; (5) Preventing and mitigating systemic financial risks to safeguard financial stability; (6) Maintaining the RMB exchange rate at adaptive and equilibrium level; Holding and managing the state foreign exchange and gold reserves; (7) Managing the State treasury as fiscal agent; (8) Making payment and settlement rules in collaboration with relevant departments and ensuring normal operation of the payment and settlement systems; (9) Providing guidance to anti-money laundering work in the financial sector and monitoring money-laundering related