延续与非延续性动词的现在完成时精要.ppt

延续动词与非延续动词 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词、短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 用法： １、它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结果还存在． e.g. He has come back. The film has begun. 2、这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰． e.g. I haven’t heard from Uncle Wang for a long time. We haven’t seen him since 1992. 3、还可改用一般过去时来表达． e.g. He came back a week ago. 4、也可用“It is ﹢一段时间﹢since…”句型 来表达． e.g. It is a week since he came back. 非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种： ①、用相应的延续性动词； 　　buy ------ have, borrow ----- keep, put on ------ wear, catch/get a cold ------ have a cold, come/go/become ------ be. ②、转换成 be﹢名词; join the Party ------ be a Party member, join the army ------ be a soldier, go to school ------ be a student. ③、转换成be + 介词短语 : go to school ------ be in school, join the army ------ be in the army. ④、转换成be + adj./adv. : die ------ be dead, finish ------ be over, begin/start ------ be on, leave (…) ------ be away (from), close ------ be closed, open ------ be open, fall asleep ------ be asleep. The meeting started 15 minutes ago. The meeting has been on for 15 minutes. The train left half an hour ago. The train has been away for half an hour. He began to teach here 16 years ago. He has taught here fo r16 years. James started to work for MAP Advertising last year. James has worked for MAP Advertising for a year. He started to play chess at the age of five. He started to play chess when he was five. He has played the chess since he was five. He has played the chess for seven years. I started to work here 15 years ago. I have worked here since 15 years ago. I have worked here for 15 years. They moved to Paris two years ago. They have lived here for two yea