Windows Kernel Internals Overview.ppt

? Microsoft Corporation Windows Kernel InternalsOverview *David B. Probert, Ph.D. Windows Kernel Development Microsoft Corporation Contributors Neill Clift Adrian Marinescu Nar Ganapathy Jake Oshins Andrew Ritz Jonathan Schwartz Mark Lucovsky Samer Arafeh Dan Lovinger Landy Wang David Solomon Ben Leis Brian Andrew Jason Zions Gerardo Bermudez Dragos Sambotin Arun Kishan Adrian Oney Windows History Team formed in November 1988 Less than 20 people Build from the ground up Advanced Operating System Designed for desktops and servers Secure, scalable SMP design All new code Rigorous discipline – developers wrote very detailed design docs, reviewed/discussed each others docs and wrote unit tests Goals of the NT System Reliability – Nothing should be able to crash the OS. Anything that crashes the OS is a bug and we won’t ship until it is fixed Security – Built into the design from day one Portability – Support more than one processor, avoid assembler, abstract HW dependencies. Extensibility – Ability to extend the OS over time Compatibility – Apps must run Performance – All of the above are more important than raw speed! Windows Architecture Windows Kernel Organization Kernel-mode organized into NTOS (kernel-mode services) Run-time Library, Scheduling, Executive services, object manager, services for I/O, memory, processes, … Hal (hardware-adaptation layer) Insulates NTOS drivers from hardware dependencies Providers facilities, such as device access, timers, interrupt servicing, clocks, spinlocks Drivers kernel extensions (primarily for device access) Major Kernel Services Process management Process/thread creation Security reference monitor Access checks, token management Memory manager Pagefaults, virtual address, physical frame, and pagefile management Services for sharing, copy-on-write, mapped files, GC support, large apps Lightweight Procedure Call (LPC) Native transport for RPC and user-mode system services. I/O manager ( plug-and-play power) Maps user reque