第三章词语翻译分解.ppt

?Some?have?entered?college?and?others?have?gone?to?the?countryside.??? ??上大学的上大学了，下乡的下乡了。 （有的上大学了，有的下乡了。）? （英语用some…andothers…/some…,others…连用的句子，译成汉语时主语往往是谓语重复形式的的字结构，有时也可以用有的……，有的……‖句式。）??? ? 2. 为了语气强调??? ??Eye?for?eye,?tooth?for?tooth. ?以眼还眼，以牙还牙。??? （英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时可以保持同样的词的重复。）??? ??During?their?stay?in?Peking,?they?visited?some?old?friends?of?theirs,?visited?Peking?University?and?visited?the?Great?Wall.? 他们在北京逗留期间，拜访了几个老朋友，参观了北京大学，游览了长城。 （英语原文中有词的重复，译成汉语有时可以用近义词重复。）??? ??? ? 3. 为了表达生动??? There had been too much publicity about his love affairs. 他的风流韵事已经是满城风雨、人人皆知了。 The kid is always in rags as if he were an orphan. 那个孩子整体穿得破破烂烂的，像个孤儿似的。 Once he took up his pen, writings began pouring down.??? 他一动笔，就洋洋洒洒，一发难收。 ??? 二、重复译法 重复和增词有相类似之处，只不过重复增加的是同一个词。我们应该尽量避免不必要的重复，但是，该重复的地方还是要重复。译者必须根据不同的文体、不同的上下文灵活掌握。 1.重复名词 重复动词后的宾语名词，如： We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。 Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。 This has been our position——but not theirs. 这一直是我们的立场，而不是他们的立场。 重复英语中省略的名词，起到强调和明确的作用，更符合汉语习惯。 Before liberation many people could not read or write. 解放前，许多人既不会读书，也不会写字。 But we still have defects, and very big ones. 但是我们还是有缺点的，而且是很大的缺点。 A large family has its difficulties. 大家庭有大家庭的难处。 2.重复动词 英语句子常用一个动词连接几个宾语或表语，在译文中多要重复该动词。 Is he a friend or an enemy? 他是朋友还是敌人呢？ For a good ten minutes, he cursed me and my brother. 足足有十分钟之久，他既骂我，又骂我兄弟。 3.重复代词 Jesse opened his eyes. They were filled with tears. 杰西睁开眼，眼里充满了泪水。 Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines. 强国有强国的策略，小国有小国的路线。 Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized. 谁犯了纪律，谁就该接受批评。 Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever you are free. 你什么时候有空，就什么时候来我办公室谈一谈。 4.重复形容词 英语中有一个形容词修饰若干个名词或与若干个介词短语搭配的现象，译成汉语时应该将形容词重复译出。 We want such materials as can bear high temperature and pressure. 我们需要能耐高温、高压的材料。 They are loyal to the motherland and the people. 他们忠于祖国，忠于人民。 练习 1. A good play serves to educate and inspire the