教师版英语必修5译林牛津版Unit1第6课时教案.doc

第四天 英语必修5译林牛津版Unit 1教案 Period 6 Grammar and usage ( To-infinitive ) To-infinitive. 动词不定式 由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成，是动词的一种非谓语的形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。动词不定式具有动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，也可以有时态和语态的变化。同时，它也具有非动词的性质，相当于一个名词、形容词或副词，可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语. 动词不定式的用法： 1、作主语 (1)不定式短语在句中作主语e.g.: To say is one thing and to do is another. To know oneself is difficult. 但在很多情况下，通常用it作为形式主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，e.g.: It is difficult to know onself. It is important to learn English. 2、作表语不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。 e.g.: His wish is to become an engineer. To live is to do something worthwhile. 3、作宾语作动词的宾语… e.g.: He agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet. He pretended not to see me when I passed by. 在find, make, think, consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后. e.g.: I find it interesting to study English. I think it impossible to work out the problem.4、作宾语补足语Ｖ＋…. Eg. I want you to speak to Tom. Ask him not to make noise. (1)在感动词以及使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式都不带to.变为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式. “一感(feel)二听 (hear, listen to )三让(let, have, make )四观看(see, observe, watch, look at)” e.g.: I often hear him sing the song. Did you see him go out? TThe employees______________ ten hours a day. (2)在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语,这时不定式通常是 “to be+形容词或副词”的结构.这类动词有：consider, think, believe, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。 consider, think, find后的to be常可省略. e.g.: We consider him (to be) a good teacher. I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 5．作定语不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系. e.g.: The next train to arrive was from New York. He has a lot of letter to write. She has a child to take care of. There is nothing to worry about. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. He had no money and no place to live (in). 6. 作状语不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等. e.g.: To save the child, he laid down his life. To look at him, you would like him. He got to the station only to find the train had gone.(only to do 常表意想不到或不愉快的结果) I’m very glad to see you. (表喜怒哀乐的形容词后跟不定式表原因) 动词不定