生物柴油的燃料性质及其对雾化质量的影响详解.docx

二○一五届毕业论文生物柴油的燃料性质及其对雾化质量的影响学院：汽车学院专业：热能与动力工程姓名：李长伟学号：201122050239指导教师：耿莉敏完成时间：2015年6月12日二〇一五年六月摘要环境污染和能源短缺这两个问题随着汽车工业的快速发展愈显突出，寻找环保、可再生的汽车新能源对于维持国家经济的可持续发展就显得尤为重要。目前许多国家都在大力开发新能源以替代石化能源,而生物燃料的应用和推广正好能够解决现阶段能源替代的问题。生物柴油作为一种生物燃料，具有突出的可再生性和环保性，因此受到世界各国普遍关注。近十多年来，生物柴油产业快速发展并己成为一个全球性的新兴产业。本文对生物柴油与柴油的理化特性和喷雾特性进行对比分析，分析可知，生物柴油的闪点、馏程温度、运动粘度、密度和表面张力都大于柴油，从而影响其蒸发与雾化特性，导致其雾化质量比柴油差。燃料的雾化质量对发动机的排放特性有重要影响，因此必须寻找改善生物柴油雾化质量的有效方法。本文通过增大喷射压力、减小喷孔直径和溶入LPG来改善生物柴油的雾化质量。最后得出结论：上述三种方法均可有效的改善生物柴油的雾化质量。关键词：能源，生物柴油，理化特性，雾化质量AbstractWith the rapid development of automobile industry, environmental pollution and energy shortage had become increasingly prominent.Therefore, exploring the renewable energy of automobile is of crucial necessityfor the sustainable development of national economy. At present, many countries are vigorously finding renewable energy to replace fossil energy and what is pleasantly surprised, the application and extension of bio-fuel can just exactly address the issues of alternative energy. As a kind of bio-fuel, which has properties of renewability and environmental friendliness,biodiesel had found its universal popularity all over the world. In recent ten years, biodiesel industry developed rapidly and has become a global new industry.This paper analyzesthe physicochemical and atomization properties of diesel and biodiesel. The results indicate that some charactersof biodiesel are distinctly higher than diesels, such as flash point, distillation temperature, viscosity, density and surface tension, and they can affect evaporation and atomization properties of biodiesel, which made the atomization quality of biodiesel poorer than diesel. Atomization quality of fuel has important influence on the emission characteristics of engine, so we have to discover the effective ways to improve the atomization quality of biodiesel.This paper used the way ofincreasing injection pressure, decreasing nozzle diameter and dissolving LPG into biodiesel to improve the atomization quality o