智能密封铅酸蓄电池充电器设计论文_学位论文.doc

毕业设计说明书 智能密封铅酸蓄电池充电器设计 专业 电气工程及其自动化 学生姓名 班级 学号 指导教师 完成日期 2012年5月26日 智能密封铅酸蓄电池充电器设计 摘 要：铅酸蓄电池的制造成本低、容量大、价格低廉，使用十分广泛。由于其固有的特性，若使用不当，寿命将大大缩短。影响铅酸蓄电池寿命的因素很多，采用正确的充电方式能有效延长蓄电池的使用寿命。因此，设计一种全新的智能型铅酸蓄电池是十分必要的。 所设计的智能密封铅酸蓄电池智能充电器，内容主要包括对蓄电池充电方法的研究和充电系统的设计。在分析密封式铅酸蓄电池的充电特性的基础上，综合涓流充和恒流、恒压等充电方式的优点，应用PIC16C54单片机，采用了脉宽调制技术，根据电压、电流反馈自动控制调节充电脉冲宽度，分快充、慢充、涓流充三阶段改变充电电流及电压的大小。这种充电方法可以始终地使充电电流在总体上逼近蓄电池的可接受充电电流曲线，并且在整个充电期间内适时地采取了去除蓄电池极化的措施。 研究表明，基于PIC16C54单片机控制的智能充电器，其效率高、调节时间快的良好充电特性可得到充分发挥，使得蓄电池具有较高的使用容量和较长的循环寿命，具有良好的应用前景，为提高蓄电池的性能和可靠性提供一条新的、有效的途径。 + n0 `. `6 V4 V* l. F, H/ p l关键词：铅酸蓄电池；智能充电；单片机；脉冲宽度调制(PWM) The Design of Intelligent Sealed Lead-acid Battery Charger Abstract: The lead - acid battery has many advantages, such as low cost of design, large capacity, lower price and use widely. Due to its intrinsic attributes, if utilized improperly, the life expectancy of the battery will be largely shortened. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new and intelligent lead-acid battery charger. The design of sealed lead-acid batteries intelligent charger, content mainly includes to battery charging method of research and charging system design. Based on the analyzed results of charging characteristic of lead acid battery, using PIC16C54,combines trickle charge, constant-current charge and constant-voltage charge s merits , a intelligent lead-acid battery charger is designed to adjust the charging current and voltage pulses amplitude and pulse width automatically by three phases charging procedure of fast charging.This kind of charging methods can always to recharge current in overall approximation battery acceptable charging electric current curve, and throughout the charging period timely adopted remove battery polarization measures. The study show that based on the intelligent charging PIC16C54 single-chip microcomputer control charger, its high efficiency, regulating time quick good charging characteristics can get full