水溶性低聚壳聚糖的工艺探究 学位论文.doc

毕业论文 题 目 名 称 水溶性低聚壳聚糖的工艺探究 学 院 文理学院 专 业 / 班 级 应用化学12101 学 生 姓 名 郝建涛 班 级 学 号 指 导 教 师 陈琼 摘要 壳聚糖作为一种化学产品，给人们的衣食住行已带来了很大到好处。为了确定以虾蟹壳为原料制取壳聚糖的改良新工艺的最佳条件，于是通过单因素实验选取实验因素与水平的探讨和研究，其工艺条件为：10%盐酸溶液和15%的助剂乙酸于常温水浴持续搅拌4h进行脱钙，以10%氢氧化钠溶液于90℃的水浴中持续搅拌6h进行脱蛋白；以10%过氧化氢于常温浸泡2h进行了完全的脱色素过程，此时便可得到可溶于0.1mol/L盐酸的甲壳素. 根据Box-Benhnken的中心组合实验设计原理，在单因素试验的基础上采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法。将制取的甲壳素于三颈烧瓶中加入31%氢氧化钠溶液,55%助剂乙醇溶液于110℃的水浴中持续搅拌8h进行了脱乙酰的过程,得到不溶于0.1mol/L盐酸的壳聚糖.用甲基红指示剂标定法测定脱乙酰度.依据回归分析确定各工艺的影响因子，以壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为响应值做响应面和等值曲线图.最后将制取的壳聚糖在一定条件下进行降解得到水溶性低聚壳聚糖. 关键词：甲壳素；壳聚糖；脱乙酰度；响应面 Abstract Chitosan as a kind of chemical product, to the daily life of the people has brought great benefits. In order to determine with shrimp and crab shell as raw material for the preparation of chitosan modified process, the optimal conditions, and through the single factor experiment selected experimental factors and levels of the discussion and the research, the technological conditions: 10% hydrochloric acid solution and 15% acetic acid additives in water bath at room temperature continuous mixing 4hwere decalcified, with 10% sodium hydroxide solution in 90 degcwater bath in continuous stirring 6h for protein removal; with 10% hydrogen peroxide at room temperature soaking 2hwere completely depigmentation process. Then we can get dissolved in 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid armour Shell element. According to the box benhnken central composite experimental design principles, on the basis of single factor experiment with three factors and three levels of response surface analysis method. The preparation of chitin in a three necked flask with 31% sodium hydroxide solution, 55% additive ethanol solu