拉臂式垃圾车的改装设计毕设论文.doc

本科生毕业设计 拉臂式垃圾车的改装设计 院系名称： 汽车工程系 专业班级： 车辆工程 07-1班 学生姓名： 程雪峰 指导教师： 吕德刚 职 称： 讲 师 黑 龙 江 工 程 学 院 二○一一年六月 The Graduation Design for Bachelors Degree The Modify and Design of Pull Arm Garbage Truck Candidate：Cheng Xuefeng Specialty：Vehicle Engineering Class：B07-1 Supervisor：Lecturer. Lv Degang Heilongjiang Institute of Technology 2011-06·Harbin 摘 要 垃圾处理工作是城市建设和管理的重要内容，与人民生活密切相关。随着我国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，环卫部门需处理的垃圾从数量到种类都日益增多。无疑，垃圾处理工作量将加大，这样，垃圾处理的效率问题将是我们面对的一个重要问题。拉臂式垃圾车可将地下垃圾箱内的垃圾及垃圾箱一同拉至车上运走同时可自卸，降低了工人的劳动强度。该垃圾车的收运方式是目前世界上广泛采用的垃圾收运方式，可以实现一车多箱，大大降低了配备成本和空间等等；其专用装置的功能均以汽车发动机为动力，通过液压机构手动或电控来实现。车辆的箱体采用优质碳钢密封焊接结构，具有强度高、重量轻、不产生二次污染等优点。 本文作为拉臂式垃圾车的设计说明，首先介绍了拉臂式垃圾车国内外研究现状，由于该类车的设计资料我国尚不完善，考虑该车同时能实现自卸功能，故参照自卸车相关设计方法对车厢箱体、举升机构、副车架及翻转架进行设计，并对不同设计方案进行了比较分析，保证了拉臂式垃圾车的先进性及实用性。 关键词：自卸功能；举升机构；一车多箱；液压机构；翻转架 ABSTRACT Garbage disposal is an important content of urban construction and management, which is closely to people’s life .As the development of our country economy and the growth of people’s living standard, sanitation departments need to dispose an increasing number and kinds of garbage. It’s no doubt that the workload of garbage disposal will be increased, in this way, the efficiency of garbage disposal will be a significant problem we are facing. The truck can drag the underground rubbish along with the dustbin up to the truck, then carry away and download automatically, that decrease greatly worker’s power of work. The truck can also realize” one truck several carton”, which reduce tremendously the match cost and space, etc. The function of its isolated plant was powered by automobile engine, and realized by the manual or electric operation of hydraulic mechanism. The body of carton adopts quality carbon steel totally-sealing welding structure, it has strong point of high strength