中英文翻译单片机基础 大学学位论文.doc

毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译 系别： 电气系 专业： 电气工程及其自动化 附 件：1、外文原文；2、外文资料翻译译文。 指导教师评语： 签字： 年 月 日 注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。 外文原文（复印件） A: Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer The single-chip microcomputer is the culmination of both the development of the digital computer and the integrated circuit arguably the tow most significant inventions of the 20th century [1]. These tow types of architecture are found in single-chip microcomputer. Some employ the split program/data memory of the Harvard architecture, shown in Fig.3-5A-1, others follow the philosophy, widely adapted for general-purpose computers and microprocessors, of making no logical distinction between program and data memory as in the Princeton architecture, shown in Fig.3-5A-2. In general terms a single-chip microcomputer is characterized by the incorporation of all the units of a computer into a single device, as shown in Fig3-5A-3. Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard type Fig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computer Reset Interrupts Power Fig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputer Read only memory (ROM).ROM is usually for the permanent, non-volatile storage of an applications program .Many microcomputers and microcontrollers are intended for high-volume applications and hence the economical manufacture of the devices requires that the contents of the program memory be committed permanently during the manufacture of chips . Clearly, this implies a rigorous approach to ROM code development since changes cannot be made after manufacture .This development process may involve emulation using a sophisticated development system with a hardware emulation capability as well as the use of powerful software tools. Some manufacturers provide additional ROM options by including in their range devices